美国目前在检测、控制和缓解高致病性禽流感方面所做的努力.pdf

1、Current Efforts to Detect,Control and Mitigate HPAI in the U.S.Brian McCluskey DVM,MS,PhD,Dip.ACVPMEpidemiologyEpidemiologyStudy of Disease PatternsStudy of Disease PatternsEpidemiology involves studying disease patterns within populations to understand how diseases spread.Frequency and Distribution

2、Frequency and DistributionEpidemiologists examine the frequency and distribution of diseases to identify risk factors.Determinants of DiseasesDeterminants of DiseasesIdentifying determinants of diseases helps in developing strategies for prevention and control.Most important concept is that disease

3、does not Most important concept is that disease does not occur randomly.occur randomly.AttributionRoot Cause What factors were associated with introduction of disease?temporal factors spatial factors management factors climatic factors social factors economic factors Where did it come from?How did i

4、t get there?When did it arrive?Where did it possibly go from the operation under investigation?Attribution and Root CauseAttribution and Root CauseThe Culprit The Culprit Nine different H types and 16 different N types(H5 and H7 are the bad ones)Rapid and frequent genetic mutationsMutations lead to

5、adaption to multiple speciesMutations lead to circumventing vaccinesMutations lead to changes in the virulence of the virusH5N1 pandemicH5N1 pandemicCases of HPAI in Cases of HPAI in U.S.poultry since U.S.poultry since February 2022February 20226%6%3%3%10%10%33%33%48%48%Broiler ProductionDuck Produc

6、tionLayer ProductionTurkey ProductionWOAH non-poultryWOAH non-poultry:Defined by the World Organization of Animal Health as“birds that are kept in a single household,the products of which are used within the same household exclusively,provided that they have no direct or indirect contact with poultr