液流电池制造商如何实现突破？.pdf

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1、Purpose of these Slides:Contents:Breaking through with flowIFBF Vienna,2025 60 years later A clear-eyed view Challenges Clear customer value Goldilocks applications Design for commercializationOffer learnings from 35 years of productizing flow batteriesEngineering 1960s Dr Phil Symons invented the Z

2、nCl flow battery(US#3713888)with EPRI funding1970s Dr Larry Thaller invented the FeCr flow battery at NASA1980s Prof Maria Skyllas-Kazacos invented the vanadium flow battery(VFB)at UNSW1990s Mitsubishi deploys 800kWh substation VFB2000s Powercell deployed the first production flow battery,100kWhAC Z

3、nBr PowerBlock 2012Sumitomo breaks the MWh threshold2010s Dr Gary Yang&Dr Liyu Li invent mixed-acid VFB at PNNL-todays leading chemistry2025 Rongke Power breaks the GWh threshold60 years and$10B have delivered us a lot!Hard dataMolecules to MW takes 10 years Flow batteries have a poor track record i

4、n the fieldField staff cost US$2,000 per dayLi CapEx is half Flow CapExOur own myths hurt us“Flow batteries beat lithium above 6-8h”Li CapEx 10h duration is 1cyc/day“Vanadium is too expensive”V2O5$5/lb costs 0.7c/kWhat 2 cycles/day over 25 years“Hydro is cheaper than flow”Not in daily cycling;few hy

5、dro sites left“Lithium is too dangerous&short-lived”Li is 95%of the market we tolerate nuclear meltdowns;severe climate change;the ozone hole We get to stand on the shoulders of giantsWe must be clear-eyed on where we are,to understand where to goPoor field reliability Customers cant finance project

6、s without excellent working examples Even if we put systems on our own balance sheets like AES did for 100MWs of LiHigh CapEx We must be extremely careful and critical of the supply chains.Pumps are terribly unreliable;materials have extremely variable compositions;industry adjacent parts and rarely