从矿山到兆瓦时：铁铬液流电池电解液的可持续低成本工业规模生产.pdf

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1、From Mine to Megawatt Hour:Sustainable,Low-cost Industrial Scale Production of Iron Chromium ElectrolyteIFBF 2025-Vienna25 June 2025Ishani Natha*,Nico Mans,Tom Gebauer&Peter Chennells Africa Holds 30%of the worlds mineral reservesCritical to renewable and low-carbon technologiesGlobal demand expecte

2、d to rise by nearly 500%by 2050At the heart of the green energy futureChromium Key mineral in the energy sectorAfrica accounts for over 80%of global chromium ore exportsSouth Africa accounts over 72%of the worlds chromium resources.Tharisa Minerals accounts for 10-12%of those South African exportsAf

3、rica&Chromium Multi-generational supply of FeCr(75GWh)Key Role PlayersProven process for sustainable electrolyte productionEnergy Storage Solutions(Iron-Chromium Redox Flow Batteries)The Conventional Cr-Fe Electrolyte RouteStep 1Make Sodium Dichromate(Na3Cr207)Produce high purity tanning salts RISK:

4、exposure to carcinogenic and toxic Cr(VI)Reduce to high purity Cr2O3 Dissolved to make Cr electrolyteStep 2Scrap Iron is dissolved Purified to make Fe electrolyteStep 1 and 2 combined to make final electrolyteMiningConcentrateCrushing&SeparationThe ARXO Cr-Fe Electrolyte RouteMiningConcentrateCrushi

5、ng&SeparationChrome AlloyDissolve&PurifyElectrolyte used in batteriesDeveloped a cost effective,unique,non hazardous electrolyteCovering the whole manufacturing process from raw material mining to GWh storage solutionsFe-Cr electrolyte cost a fraction of vanadium flow battery electrolyte costSustain

6、ability,Safety and Secure Supply ChainOur Iron-Chromium electrolyte boasts impressive sustainability features,being 100%reusable within our processes and completely recyclable at the end of its useful life.Engineered for safety and environmental resilience,our nonflammable aqueous Iron-Chromium elec