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1、NEARSHORE BLUE CARBON ECOSYSTEMS1Coastal Natural Climate Solutions:An Assessment of Scientific Knowledge Surrounding Pathways for Carbon Dioxide Removal&Avoided Emissions in Nearshore Blue Carbon EcosystemsEnvironmental Defense FundNatural Climate SolutionsUNSPLASH|GEOFF TRODDNEARSHORE BLUE CARBON E

2、COSYSTEMS2Coastal Natural Climate Solutions:An Assessment of Scientific Knowledge Surrounding Pathways for Carbon Dioxide Removal and Avoided Emissions in Nearshore Blue Carbon EcosystemsAuthorsJames CollinsRobert BoenishKristin KleisnerDouglas RaderRod FujitaMonica MoritschEnvironmental Defense Fun

3、dAcknowledgmentsThe authors acknowledge Steven Saul,Monica Moritsch,Doria Gordon,Kevin Kroeger,Scott Doney,Peter Raymond,Eric Lee and Judith Rosentreter for discussions and critical review.This report was supported through a gift to EDF from the Bezos Earth Fund.How to cite this reportCollins,J.R.,B

4、oenish,R.E.,Kleisner,K.M.,Rader,D.N.,Fujita,R.M.,and Moritsch M.M.2022.Coastal natural climate solutions:an assessment of scientific knowledge surrounding pathways for carbon dioxide removal and avoided emissions in nearshore blue carbon ecosystems.Environmental Defense Fund,New York,NY.www.edf.org/

5、sites/default/files/2022-10/Coastal%20Natural%20Climate%20Solutions.pdfOctober 28,2022NEARSHORE BLUE CARBON ECOSYSTEMS3Table of ContentsExecutive Summary 5General assessment 5Overarching uncertainties 6Other uncertainties 7Research and development priorities 7An additional need:new frameworks to acc

6、ount for intersystem linkages 8Definitions 8Introduction:Natural Climate Solutions in Coastal Ecosystems 9NCS as a subset of approaches for carbon dioxide removal(CDR)9Coastal blue carbon ecosystems 10Report overview 11An important caveat:No substitute for reduced emissions 11A very brief primer on