凯捷（Capgemini）：2020年工业报告汇总（英文版）（30页）.pdf

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1、INDUS T RY 57 58 Current situation and challenges Solutions, projects and scale-up Impacts Regional approach Industry is responsible for 30% (1,201 MtCOe) of EU27 greenhouse gas emissions, either from: Energy use: burning fossil fuels to obtain high-grade or low-grade heat, using non-renewable elect

2、ricity. Direct emissions from process: for instance, the chemical reaction involved with cement production generates CO as a by-product. Achieving a low carbon industry is of paramount importance, not only to reach the 2050 carbon neutrality target, but also to allow economic growth for EU companies

3、 and workers. The more challenging issues lie in core highly emissive chemical processes such as the production of cement or the reduction of iron ore, where substitutes, hydrogen or electrowinning can provide solutions. The second technology challenge remains sustainable high-grade heat generation.

4、 High-grade heat requires high temperatures (above 300C) that cannot be achieved simply with electrical resistors; and without profitable sustainable heat, the industry may turn toward fossil fuels. Hydrogen, a renewable and carbon-free fuel, can be a mainstream source for high-grade heat, once it b

5、ecomes more affordable. Regarding electric efficiency, low grade heat and cooling, the technology challenge relies mostly in the penetration rate of the best already available technologies and in the circular economy. Steel and cement industries are responsible for at least 30% of the industry emiss

6、ions1. Therefore, several of the proposed solutions focus on these two industries. Carbon capture, for storage (CCS) or usage (CCU), is also a candidate to reduce carbon emissions while keeping businesses thriving. As of today, heat generation is carbon-intensive, due to the heavy use of fossil fuel