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与新型转基因生物共存的规则是什么?.pdf

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1、What are the rules for coexistence with New GMOs?Dr Georg BuchholzLawyer and partner in the Berlin law firm GGSC,GermanyGeorg Buchholz Rules for coexistence with NGT 133 www.ggsc.de NON-GMO Summit 2026,Frankfurt/Main,13.05.2026Dr.Georg Buchholz,RechtsanwaltWhat are the rules for coexistence with New

2、 GMOs?Georg Buchholz Rules for coexistence with NGT 134 www.ggsc.de OverviewPersonal BackgroundKey questions and easy answer“Legally correct answerLiabilityUnintended presence of NGT 1GMO location registerConclusionsGeorg Buchholz Rules for coexistence with NGT 135 www.ggsc.de Personal backgroundPar

3、tner at the Berlin law firm GGSC medium-sized law firm,about 40 professionals specialised in environmental,energy and construction law clients:federal,state and municipal authorities,public and private companies,NGOspersonally specialised in Environmental law:emissions trading,nuclear,mining,industr

4、ial installations and water law food,agriculture and GMO lawCurrently preparing a legal opinion on the Coexistence with NGT plants on behalf of VLOG Publication coming soonGeorg Buchholz Rules for coexistence with NGT 136 www.ggsc.de Key questionsApplicability of national coexistence rules for NGT 2

5、 is clear Art.12,Recital 35What about NGT 1:Are national coexistence rules for NGT 1 allowed at all?What are the limits of national coexistence rules for NGT 1?Do current national coexistence rules for GMO apply to NGT 1?Georg Buchholz Rules for coexistence with NGT 137 www.ggsc.de Basic assumptions

6、Member States(MS)have 24 months to adapt national law to the NGT Regulation before its applicability Unclear,whether MS will adapt national coexistence rules for NGT 1 and if so,howAssumption:MS do not change current regulations for GMOsWould current coexistence rules apply to NGT 1?To what extent?G

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1. **核心问题**:NGT 1(新型基因组技术1)是否适用国家共存规则,及欧盟法律与国家法律的权限划分。 2. **法律依据**:NGT Regulation第12条和序言35明确NGT 2适用共存规则,序言31指出NGT 1应受常规育种植物框架约束,但序言无法律约束力。 3. **国家权限**:成员国(MS)对NGT 1共存规则有 competence(权限),现有GMO共存规则可保护有机/非GMO生产,因NGT Regulation仅豁免欧盟GMO立法,未排除国家规则。 4. **限制与例外**: - 有机生产:欧盟有机法规允许国家共存措施(第29(7)条)。 - 常规作物:NGT 1不造成显著损害,无强制预防措施。 5. **结论**:国家可修改GMO共存规则以适应NGT 1,但需符合比例原则,且无欧盟 exhaustive(全面)立法禁止。
**NGT 1规则?** **欧盟 vs 国家?** **NGT 1责任?**
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