1、JPMorganChase Center for Geopolitics The Geopolitics of AI:Decoding the New Global Operating System 1 The Geopolitics of AI:Decoding the New Global Operating System Helping Clients Navigate Global Challenges October 2025 JPMorganChase Center for Geopolitics The Geopolitics of AI:Decoding the New Glo

2、bal Operating System 2 Key Takeaways:China and the U.S.dominate,but on divergent paths.Beijing pursues state-led self-reliance and lower cost open-source exports,while Washington bets on private-sector innovation,infrastructure buildout,and defense integration.This is a key geopolitical fault line,a

3、s countries may face a choice which direction to go.Tech sovereignty and standards are fragmenting the field.More countries,and in some cases localities,are asserting control over AI infrastructure,talent,and governance frameworksexporting rules as well as building walls,and forcing firms to navigat

4、e a more divided AI ecosystem.Energy and hardware are the new chokepoints.Semiconductors,critical minerals,and electricity capacity define who can scale AI,and who risks falling behind.Capital is repositioning the map.Middle Eastern sovereign wealth funds are leveraging energy abundance to become ke

5、y players in AI infrastructure.AI is transforming defense and deterrence.From swarming drones to AI-enabled decision loops,militaries that integrate AI fastest will hold decisive battlefield advantages.Executive Summary:The Geopolitics of AI Artificial Intelligence(AI)and related computing capabilit

6、ies will be the most consequential technological developments of the 21st century,impacting nearly every aspect of daily life,shaping the global economy,and transforming geopolitics.In the nearly three years since OpenAI launched ChatGPTigniting a frenzied reordering of the commercial tech ecosystem