1、Marco Gerosa,Ph.D.,Northern Arizona UniversityAnna Hermansen,The Linux FoundationAnni Lai,FutureweiAdrienn Lawson,The Linux FoundationForeword by Mark Collier,The Linux FoundationAugust 2025The State of Sovereign AIExploring the Role of Open Source Projects and Global Collaboration in Global AI Stra

2、tegyData control(72%)and national security(69%)are top drivers of sovereign AI interest.82%of organizations build customized AI solutions(90%in U.S.),with 57%focused on controlling AI capabilities and intellectual property.Open source software(81%)leads as the primary approach for sovereign AI,follo

3、wed by open standards(65%)and opendata(65%).59%prefer contributing to open source projects as the primary collaboration method.Transparency and auditability are the top open source benefits for sovereign AI(69%),especially in Europe(80%).93%view global collaboration as essential for building secure

4、and culturally aligned sovereign AI systems.Global collaboration is also valuable for foundation models(59%)and data resources(59%).Top challenges toadopting open source AIinclude data quality(44%)and technical expertise shortage(35%).Top barriers to global AI collaboration include resource constrai

5、nts(35%),IP concerns(34%),and geopolitical tensions(28%globally,36%in Asia-Pacific).43%prefer open source community-led governance for sovereign AI development.National governments(66%)and open source foundations(60%)are key stakeholders for shaping sovereign AIs future.79%consider sovereign AI as v

6、aluable and a strategic priority,especially at the national(66%)and organizational(47%)levels.Copyright 2025 The Linux Foundation|August 2025.This report is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public LicensePlease cite this research report when using the i