1、 Bioplastic Materials to Reduce Marine Plastic Litter in the Asia-Pacific Region APEC OCEAN AND FISHERIES WORKING GROUP MARCH 2025 Bioplastic Materials to Reduce Marine Plastic Litter in the Asia-Pacific Region APEC Ocean and Fisheries Working Group March 2025 APEC Project:OFWG 02 2022A Produced by

2、Prof.Agus Heri Purnomo,Ph.D.,Dr.Ir.Budi Wardono,MP.Bakti Berlyanto Sedayu,PhD.National Research and Innovation Agency,Indonesia Reviewed by Dina Fransiska National Research and Innovation Agency Email:dina020brin.go.id Edited by Armi Yuniani Policy Analyst at Ministry of Trade Email:armi.yunianikeme

3、ndag.go.id For Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat 35 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119616 Tel:(65)68919 600 Fax:(65)68919 690 Email:infoapec.org Website:www.apec.org 2025 APEC Secretariat APEC#225-OF-01.2 3 CONTENTS CONTENTS.3 LISTS OF TABLE.4 LISTS OF FIGURE.5 CHAPTER I.BACKGROUND.7 CH

4、APTER II.LITERATURE STUDY.12 CHAPTER III.METHODOLOGY.21 CHAPTER IV.RESULT AND DISCUSSION.32 CHAPTER V.CONCLUSION.60 4 LIST OF TABLES Table 1.Keywords searches.23 Table 2.The variables of bioplastic user respondent groups.26 Table 3.The publication with details each year.33 Table 4.Development of Bio

5、plastics Export Value in 2013-2022.37 Table 5.The clustering results for k=2,3,4,5,6,7,8.50 Table 6.The Dunn index.51 Table 7.The Characteristics of each cluster for k=4.52 5 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.Global production capacities of bioplastics.18 Figure 2.Global production capacities of Bioplastics

6、2022 by Material Type).19 Figure 3.Europe bioplastics market size 2019-2030(USD Billion).20 Figure 4.Market size for bioplastics a)biobased vs biodegradable materials b)split by material.20 Figure 5.Global bioplastics market 2020-2026,segmentation by type and application.20 Figure 6.The research sch