犹他州夏季重型柴油车的实际排放情况.pdf

1、Real-World Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicle Emissions in Utah During the SummerDarrell Sonntag and Amber AllenFEAT Overview Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Developed by Donald Stedman and Gary A.Bishop,University of Denver Pollutants Carbon dioxide(CO2)Carbon monoxide(CO)Gaseous hydrocarbons(HC)Nitrogen ox

2、ides(NO+NO2)Ammonia(NH3)Opacity(IR absorption)Vehicle emission rates estimated relative to fuel consumption gramspollutant/kilogramsfuelLight SourceCalibration CylindersDetectorsSpeed and Acceleration DetectorsFEAT OverviewGary Bishop et al.(2021)observations:-Heavy Duty(HD)NOx measurements in winte

3、r in UT were higher than similar model years measured California.-HD NOx measurements were higher in UT than MOVES3 and EMFAC 2021 estimates.High v Low FEATCAMPAIGNWinter 2020Summer 2023Dates12/6/2020-12/11/20207/31/2023-8/1/2023Temperature3.6-3.9C(38 39F)(Daily Average)24.4-32.8C(76 91F)(Hourly Ran

4、ge)#of Valid ObservationsHigh FEATLow FEATLow FEAT10535381073Heavy-duty NOx emissions control Selective catalytic reduction(SCR)used to meet the US EPA 2010 NOx emissions standards Known issues:1.Temperature Sensitivity Low-load driving cycles have higher NOx emissions due to lower catalyst temperat

5、ures(Quiros et al.2016)Higher NOx emissions observed from heavy-duty trucks at cold ambient temperatures(Wang et al.2019,Hall et al.2020,US EPA,2023)2.Catalyst Deterioration 10-30%increase in NOx emissions in HD diesel trucks with odometer increase of 200,000 kilometers(Lyu et al.2023)Recall of 500,

6、000 Cummins engines due to deterioration(EPA,2018)3.Tampering Tampering the SCR can lead to large increase in NOx(24 times,Tian et al.2024)Limited information on tampering prevalence(Sabisch 2020,Braun et al.2022)Do HD truck NOXemissions in Utah differ in Winter and Summer?Are Utah HD trucks differe