1、Trade and environmenT review 2023Building a sustainable and resilient ocean economy beyond 2030United nations ConFeRenCe on tRade and deVeLoPMentUNCTADUNiTeD NATioNsTrade and Environment Review 2023 Building a sustainable and resilient ocean economy beyond 2030Geneva,2023Trade and environmenTreview

2、2023Building a sustainable and resilient ocean economy beyond 2030United nations ConFeRenCe on tRade and deVeLoPMent 2023,United NationsAll rights reserved worldwide.Requests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the Copyright Clearance Center at .All other queries on rights a

3、nd licences,including subsidiary rights,should be addressed to:United Nations Publications 405 East 42nd Street New York,New York 10017 United States of America Email:publicationsun.org Website:https:/shop.un.org/The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors

4、and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or Member States.The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of a

5、ny country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.This publication has been edited externally.United Nations publication issued by the United Nations Conference on Trade and DevelopmentUNCTAD/DITC/TED/2023/1ISBN:978-92-1-101474-7 eI

6、SBN:978-92-1-002719-9 ISSN:1810-5432 eISSN:1810-9608 Sales No.E.23.II.D.10AcknowledgementsvAcronyms and abbreviationsviForewordviiExecutive summaryxi1.Introduction12.State of the ocean economy:challenges and opportunities52.1 State of the ocean economy72.1.1 State of marine fisheries and aquaculture