1、BIOORTHOGONAL CHEMISTRY:A REVIEWOF ITS DIVERSEAPPLICATIONSIN SCIENCEAND MEDICINE IntroductionBioorthogonal chemistry has made a remarkable scientific impact in recent years and has become an important tool to help answer questions on topics including cancer biology,biomarkers,neuroscience,plant phys

2、iology,parasitology,and virology.Bioorthogonal chemistry refers to a set of fast reactions that can take place in biologic environments with minimal interference to biomolecules or native biochemical processes.16 The following criteria must be met for a reaction to be considered bioorthogonal:The re

3、action must occur at the temperatures and pH of physiological environments.The reaction must provide products selectively and in high yields and must not be affected by water or endogenous nucleophiles,electrophiles,reductants,or oxidants found in complex biological environments.The reaction must be

4、 fast,even at low concentrations,and must form stable reaction products.The reaction should involve functional groups not naturally present in biological systems.This white paper will introduce different types of bioorthogonal reactions,their applications,and trends found by the CAS Content Collecti

5、onTM to provide an overview of its role in the publication landscape.Bioorthogonal chemistry allows for a deeper understanding of the structure and function of biologic systems.We will discuss how methods for drug development and delivery may be further optimized and provide an outlook on the future

6、 of bioorthogonal chemistry.The key types of bioorthogonal reactionsAn overview of the key types of bioorthogonal reactions Staudinger ligation,copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition(CuAAC),copper-free azide-alkyne cycloaddition/strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition(SPAAC),and tetrazine li