1、REPORT 2021/2022Copyright 2022 By the United Nations Development Programme 1 UN Plaza,New York,NY 10017 USAAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted,in any form or by means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording or otherwise,w

2、ithout prior permission.Sales no.:E.22.III.B.4 ISBN:9789211264517 eISBN:9789210016407 Print ISSN:0969-4501 Online ISSN:2412-3129A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library and Library of CongressGeneral disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the mate

3、rial in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Human Development Report Office(HDRO)of the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP)concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitati

4、on of its frontiers or boundaries.Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.The findings,analysis,and recommendations of this Report,as with previous Reports,do not represent the official position of the UNDP or of any of the UN

5、Member States that are part of its Executive Board.They are also not necessarily endorsed by those mentioned in the acknowledgments or cited.The mention of specific companies does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by UNDP in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mention

6、ed.Some of the figures included in the analytical part of the report where indicated have been estimated by the HDRO or other contributors to the Report and are not necessarily the official statistics of the concerned country,area or territory,which may use alternative methods.All the figures includ