1、Dimitris MavrakisJake SaundersPUBLIC,PRIVATE,OR HYBRID CLOUD FOR 5G CORE NETWORK DEPLOYMENTSINTRODUCTION AND MARKET OVERVIEW The telecoms market is experiencing a tumultuous phase,where internal and external pressures are now challenging network operators.In the technology domain,these companies dep

2、loy and manage complex systems that provide carrier-grade services,including critical communications.They must manage relationships with hundreds of suppliers that provide the necessary technology to power these vital networks.On top of these challenges,geopolitical pressures are limiting options in

3、 their supply chains,the COVID-19 pandemic has put tremendous pressure on their networks,and the recent energy crisis is putting additional pressure on their financials.Nevertheless,the future is not so gloomy.5G networks provide a leap ahead in consumer experience and create the foundation for futu

4、re enterprise services and new revenue streams.To capitalize on this,telco operators now need to be as lean as possible in both their business operations and,most importantly,their networks.5G was introduced in 2019 with The 3rd Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)Release 15,and the first networks w

5、ere lit a year later.5G is the first cellular generation that relies heavily on cloud-native technologies.It uses concepts and systems often found only in the web domain,including the Service-Based Architecture(SBA),the service bus for communication between network elements,and HTTP/2 for control pl

6、ane messaging.These are vital to enable the new services 5G is expected to deliver,including network slicing.One of the reasons these new services have yet to appear in the market is that most 5G networks rely on Non-Standalone(NSA)architecture,which connects new 5G radios to the 4G packet core.This