1、TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT UPDATE APRIL 2023Global Trends and Prospects 2023,United Nations Conference on Trade and Development The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations or its officials or

2、Member States.The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitat

3、ion of its frontiers or boundaries.This publication has not been formally edited.UNCTAD/GDS/INF/2023/1iiiTable of contentsTable of contentsA.INTRODUCTION.1B.WEAKENING GROWTH OUTLOOK AGAINST MOUNTING FINANCIAL STRAINS.21.Bailing out better?.22.Global growth and trade.53.Regional prospects.10C.INFLATI

4、ON WOES:THE LIMITS OF MONETARY TIGHTENING.141.Hungry for profits:food prices and the cost-of-living crisis .20D.CHRONICLE OF A DISASTER FORETOLD:DEBT AND DEVELOPMENT DISTRESS IN 2023 AND BEYOND.241.Developing country debt dynamics under unfavourable monetary conditions .242.From debt distress to dev

5、elopment crisis.273.Towards a new debt architecture.30E.LOSS AND DAMAGE IN A TIME OF POLYCRISIS.311.Pakistan:in the eye of the polycrisis.312.The role of loss and damage financing.323.Existing financing for loss and damage .33REFERENCES .34TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT UPDATEApril 2023ivList of figur

6、es1.World merchandise trade,January 2010January 2023 .82.Global supply chain pressure index(GSCPI),January 1998February 2023 .93.Consumer price index,selected economies,January 2020January 2023 .164.Deflators for Germany,Italy and the United Kingdom,first quarter of 2019fourth quarter of 2022 .185.D