蛋白质功能概述.pdf

1、Lecture#2Protein FunctionalitySustainable Food Proteins CourseMinneapolis October,2025Lecture Topics:Protein chemistry review Biomanufacturing of plant-based protein products Physical functionality Physiological functionality Protein concentrates and isolatesRef.:https:/commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi

2、le%253AHow_proteins_are_made_NSF.jpgAmino Acid Basics:The Building Blocks of Proteins BasicsAmino acid:organic molecule made up of a basic amino group(NH2),an acidic carboxyl group(-COOH),and an organic R group(or side chain)unique to each amino acidKey functions of proteins:Building blocks of cells

3、,tissues,and organs role in growth,development,and repair Regulation of hormones and enzymes Nutrient transport Immune system support Providing energy in certain situationsAmino Acid Basics(contd.)500 Amino acids found in nature,but.Only 20 are found in the human bodyAmino Acid Basics(contd.)Essenti

4、al Amino AcidsTwo other amino acids become essential when the body is under stress or after trauma:ArginineCysteinePhysiological Effect of Amino AcidsVal,Leu,Ile,AspIle,His,Arg,Thr Lys,Val,Leu,Ile Lys,Met,Pro,Gly,ValPhe,Trp,Gly GlyGlu TyrLys,Thr,Met,Ala,Phe Thr,Met,Arg,SerTyrPhe,Trp,Arg,TyrTyr,TrpTy

5、r,Trp,Phe,Cys,MetPhe,Trp,Glu,AlaTrp,AlaProFun Facts about Amino Acids RolesAmino Acid(s)RoleThrAids in fat digestionGln,AlaAids in metabolism of alcoholTyrResponsible for hair,eye,and skin colorVal,Leu,IleBCAA-Muscle buildersArgMaintains blood flow in veins;removes ammonia from the bodyAlaImproves l

6、iver functionalityProAssists with skin moisturizationSerSynthesizes precursors for fatsAmino Acids Properties Influence Physical Behavior of Protein MoleculesInsulin30 amino acids3 disulfide bondsChymotrypsin245 amino acids5 disulfide bondsMyoglobin153 amino acids0 disulfide bondsAspartate transcarb