解锁光学并行性：用于人工智能和云扩展的高功率多波长激光器.pdf

1、Frank SmythUnlocking Optical Parallelism:High-Power,Multi-Wavelength Lasers for AI and Cloud ScalingUnlocking Optical Parallelism:High-Power,Multi-Wavelength Lasers for AI and Cloud ScalingFrank SmythSPECIAL FOCUS:PHOTONICS330 billion gigabytes of data are processed each day,growing at 23%(CAGR).AI,

2、cloud,5G datacentres are dominated by copper connectivity which is creaking under the strainProblem:The Copper Death Spiral2 miles of copper cable weighing 1 tonne in every rackReach and power limits new architectures and disaggregation0204005100100200300400Power Dissipation(pJ/bit)Reach(m)Data Rate

3、(Gbps)At high data rates,copper reach reduces,power explodesReach(m)Power Dissipation(pJ/bit)centimeters!Optical interconnects allow multiple channels on a single fiber for 50X more capacity,with 1000X longer reach at the same or lower power.This is the key to continued scaling.Solution:Multi-terabi

4、t Optical Interconnect02040050001000005000100001500020000Power Dissipation(pJ/bit)Reach(m)Data Rate(Gbps)Optical Reach(m)Optical Power Dissipation(pJ/bit)50X more capacity1000X longer reach3X lower latency(less DSP)3X smaller,10X lighterThe copper death spiral means that more and more datacentre lin

5、ks are transitioning to optical to enable continued bandwidth&capacity growth,power reduction,and efficient new architecturesEverything over OpticalTypeMemory InterconnectCompute InterconnectNetwork InterconnectDatacentre InterconnectScopeIn Package,die-dieIn Rack,xPU-xPUIn Cluster,rack-rackDatacent

6、re-DatacentreDistanceMillimetersCentimetersMeters to Kilometers10s KilometersLatencyNanosecondsMicrosecondsMicro to MillisecondsMillisecondsBandwidthExtreme(64Tb/s)High(15Tb/s)Moderate(0.8Tb/s)High(10Tb/s)Medium TodayCopper traces,TSVsCopper traces&cablesCopper cables,FiberOptical FiberEoO Opportuni