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1、TAXING AND SUBSIDIZING ENERGY IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN:INSIGHTS FROM A TOTAL CARBON PRICE APPROACHPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedTAXING AND SUBSIDIZING ENERGY IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN:INSIGHTS FROM A

2、 TOTAL CARBON PRICE APPROACHTAXING AND SUBSIDIZING ENERGY IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN:Insights from a Total Carbon Price ApproachCopyright 2025,International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank 1818 H Street N.W.Washington D.C.20433,United States of America Telephone:(202)473-0

3、000 Internet:www.worldbank.org In Spanish:www.bancomundial.org Email:feedbackworldbank.orgRights ReservedThis volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank.The findings,interpretations,and conclusions expressed in this volume do not nece

4、ssarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication.Rights and PermissionsThe International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank encourages t

5、he dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of this work promptly,provided the sources are acknowledged.AttributionPlease cite the work as follows:World Bank(2025),Taxing and subsidizing energy in Latin America and the Caribbean:Insights from a Total Carbon

6、Price Approach.Washington DC.Cover and Interior DesignManthra Comunicacin infomanthra.ecTable of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS-4EXECUTIVE SUMMARY-51.USING TOTAL CARBON PRICES TO DRIVE A TRANSFORMATION IN ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN LAC-9 1.1.ENERGY PRICES AT THE CENTER-13 1.2.ALIGNING ENERGY PRICES WITH