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1、 Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized 3.1 Core Values and Code of Ethics.15 3.2 Conflicts of Interest.15 3.2.1 Employment and activities outside the WBL unit.16 3.2.2 Support to World Bank operational teams.17 3.3 Data Integ

2、rity and Quality Assurance in the Data Review,Storage,and Computation Process.18 3.4 Dealing with Undue Pressure.19 4.1 Data collection through Expert Contributors.21 4.2 Selection and Recruitment of Private Sector Expert Contributors.23 4.2.1 Private sector Expert Contributors selection process.23

3、4.2.2 Engaging with global law firms.25 4.2.3 Processing referrals from current private sector Expert Contributors.25 4.3 Expert Contributors database,privacy protection,and publication of data.26 4.3.1 Managing Expert Contributors information in CRM.26 4.3.2 Publication of Expert Contributor inform

4、ation.26 4.4 Completion of Questionnaires by Expert Contributors.27 4.4.1 Updating questionnaire status.27 4.4.2 CRM tracking process.27 4.5 Handling the Correspondence with Expert Contributors.28 4.5.1 Contacting Expert Contributors.28 4.5.2 Interactions between WBL,B-Ready,and other DECIG teams.29

5、 4.5.3 Interactions between public officials,World Bank Group colleagues,and WBL Expert Contributors 29 4.6 Data Collection through WBG Colleagues.30 5.1 Overview and Principles.32 5.2 WBL Core Interactions with governments.32 5.2.1 Completion of topic questionnaires.32 5.2.2 Managing Expert Contrib

6、utors information in CRM.33 5.2.3 Methodology workshops.33 5.2.4 Webinars.33 5.2.5 Launch events.33 5.2.6 Other interactions.34 5.2.7 Government Engagement Portal.34 5.2.8 Publication of interactions.34 5.2.9 General communication with the Board of Executive Directors.34 6.1 Source of Data.37 6.2 Qu

7、estionnaire-based Data Collection.38 6.2.1 Questionnaire development and clearance.38 6.2.2 Questionnaire generation.39 6.2.3 Questionnaire distribution.39 6.2.4 Processing completed questionnaires.39 6.2.5 Completion of questionnaire-based data collection.40 6.3 WBL Data Collection Missions.41 6.3.

8、1 Identification of economies for data collection mission.41 6.3.2 Notification protocol for an upcoming mission.41 6.3.3 Data collection Travel Requests(TR).42 6.3.4 Rules of engagement with CMUs during mission.42 6.3.5 Rules of engagement with public authorities during mission.43 6.3.6 Rules of en

9、gagement with Expert Contributors during mission.43 6.3.7 Post-mission deliverables.44 7.1 Data Management System(DMS).46 7.2 Law Library and Implementation Library.47 7.3 Topic Leader Responsibilities.47 7.4 Analyst Responsibilities.48 7.5 Data Changes.48 7.6 Submitting Data for Review.49 7.7 IT Fl

10、ags for Proper Data Production.49 8.1 Coding Standards for Legal and Supportive Frameworks Data.51 8.1.1 Topic Leader review(level 1).52 8.1.2 Supervisor review(level 2).52 8.1.3 Manager review(level 3).52 8.1.4 Data Team review(level 4).52 8.2 Enforcement Perceptions Data Management Process.53 8.2.

11、1 Topic Leader review(level 1).54 8.2.2 Supervisor review(level 2).54 8.2.3 Data Team review(level 3).54 8.2.4 Manager review(level 4).54 8.3 Review of the Final Full Data Set.54 8.3.1 DECIG Management review.54 8.3.2 Preparing for Bank-wide Review(BWR).55 9.1 Process for Obtaining Approval for BWR

12、Circulation.57 9.2 Archiving of BWR Version of the Data and Approval for BWR Circulation.57 9.3 Preparing for the BWR Meeting.57 9.4 Process for Responding to Economy-specific Comments.57 9.5 Archiving of BWR Comments Received.58 9.6 Data Changes after Bank-wide Review.58 9.7 Approval of Final Data.

13、58 9.7.1 Archiving final data and approvals.59 9.8 Final Clearance of Report for Publication.59 9.8.1 Process for preparing the final report.59 9.8.2 Archiving approval for final report.59 9.9 Preparation and Publication of Data Products.60 9.10 Publication of Report.60 9.11 Construction of the Pane

14、l Data Set.60 10.1 DREAM Team Functions.62 10.2 Dissemination and Outreach Strategy.63 10.3 Event Coordination and Planning.63 10.4 Knowledge Management and Outreach Tools.63 10.5 Networks and Partnerships.65 10.6 Communications.66 11.1 Research Guidelines.68 11.1.1 The research production process.6

15、8 11.1.2 Guidelines to propose research ideas.69 11.1.3 Guidelines on co-authorship for research papers.69 12.1 Conceptual Definitions.71 12.2 Design Phase.71 12.3 Approval Phase.72 12.3.1 Methodological changes.72 12.3.2 Other indicator changes.72 12.4 Final Clearance Process.72 12.5 Timeline for I

16、mplementation.72 14.1 Concerns Arising in the Workplace.78 14.2 Where to Go with Concerns(EIJ options).78 14.3 Issues Relating to Employment(contracts,performance,and so on).78 14.4 Interpersonal Conflict with a Colleague or Colleagues.79 14.5 Inappropriate Behavior by Colleagues or External Counter

17、parts.79 14.6 General Conflicts of Interest.80 14.7 Violations of WBG Staff Rules and Policies.80 14.8 Suspected Fraud or Corruption in WBG Projects and Activities.80 14.9 Resources for Stress and Mental Well-Being.81 14.10 Summary of Resources for Staff.82 The World Banks Women,Business and the Law

18、(WBL)is a global benchmarking project that provides comprehensive and comparable data on how laws,regulations,and policies affect womens economic opportunities and private sector development in 190 economies.The project is housed in the World Banks Development Economics Global Indicators Group(DECIG

19、).Women,Business and the Law(WBL)data and research findings have been instrumental in informing policy dialogue on gender equality reform to drive global growth and productivity for more than 15 years.Introduced in 2010,the project has amassed a rigorous worldwide database and has produced ten annua

20、l reports,with data spanning more than 50 years,highlighting legal reforms affecting womens economic participation from 1970 to the present.Initially focused on analyzing laws“on the books”(de jure),the WBL report has,in 2024,expanded its scope to assess the implementation of these laws in practice(

21、de facto).It aims to do so by examining economies diverse policy and institutional frameworks in support of legal implementation and gauging experts perceptions on the enforcement of laws.This evolution marks a significant step in understanding not only the existence of laws but their practical impa

22、ct on womens access to jobs and markets.The WBL reports align with broader international development goals related to gender equality and sustainable growth as laid out in the World Bank Gender Strategy 20242030 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).The Women,Business and the La

23、w Manual and Guide(WBL M&G)describes the production and dissemination process for the WBL reports and underlying data.It serves as an official source of information for WBL Team members and interested stakeholders.It aims to depict,consolidate,and codify WBL rules and protocols in a comprehensive wa

24、y.It builds on rules and practices developed by the WBL Team to inform the steps of the processes of data collection,data validation,report preparation,and report dissemination.This document also describes processes intended to shield the WBL Team from the undue influence of internal and external st

25、akeholders,presenting information about resources available to report and address any such instances.It aims to ensure the transparency,quality,and integrity of WBL data and research.The WBL M&G is updated,as necessary,once a year,at the start of each data collection cycle,to ensure that the rules a

26、nd protocols described are aligned with data integrity and transparency best practices and that they accurately describe the systems and procedures put in place by the WBL Team.As World Bank Group(WBG)employees,WBL staff are subject to all applicable WBG Staff Rules and standards of conduct.Those ru

27、les take precedence over the content of this Manual and Guide.The WBL M&G provides supplemental guidance relevant to the WBL context.While striving to be comprehensive,the WBL M&G is written as a succinct summary of WBL processes due to the expansive nature of the areas covered.The WBL report produc

28、tion cycle consists of five phases over a 12-month period,from the design of the questionnaire to the publication of the report and data.Each phase is broadly covered in the sections that follow,with a particular focus on the phases that touch on data collection and data validation(see Figure 1).1.Q

29、uestionnaire design and systems configuration(DecemberApril).During this phase,the WBL team designs the questionnaires that will be used to collect data and partners with IT colleagues to configure the systems for survey distribution,contributor relationship management,and data management.2.Data col

30、lection in 190 economies(AprilSeptember).During this phase,questionnaires are distributed to private sector Expert Contributors and public sector respondents,as well as World Bank Group staff.3.Desk research,data validation,and data review(AprilSeptember).During this phase,the WBL team validates the

31、 responses received with the relevant law,regulation,or policy mechanism,accessed through desk research.The validated data go through several layers of review to ensure quality and accuracy.4.Score computation,data analysis,and report drafting(SeptemberJanuary).During this phase,the WBL team compute

32、s the scores for each indicator,topic,and pillar index.The scores are then analyzed,and highlights are presented in the draft report.The final data set and report then undergo a process of Bank-wide Review.5.Publication and dissemination(Februaryonward).Following Bank-wide Review,the report is final

33、ized and prepared for publication along with the final data set.The WBL team then engages in dissemination activities to present the findings from the latest report and data set.FIGURE 1.FIGURE 1.WBL Report Production Cycle Analyst A WBL team member working in a Topic Team,other than the Topic Leade

34、r.An Analyst may be any staff described in Staff Directive 4.01,Section 2.01,including temporaries and consultants.Back-to-Office Report(BTOR)A written report prepared by the team that conducts a Data Collection Mission.The team prepares both External and Internal BTORs.The External BTOR,to be share

35、d with the Country Management Unit(CMU)and the broader department,states the missions main purposes,key mission highlights,and next steps.It also specifies each public sector agency met by the team during the mission.The Internal BTOR,for circulation with the WBL Team,contains the names and contact

36、information of all Expert Contributors met by the team members during the mission and their individual responses,as well as contextual information and the findings of the Data Collection Mission.Bank-wide Review(BWR)The stage when the draft WBL report is circulated internally within the World Bank G

37、roup for feedback.This institutional review process,which includes economy data tables and data sets,is initiated by Development Economics(DEC)Management.Board of Directors The World Bank Group Board of Directors refers to four separate Boards of Directors:namely,the Board of the International Bank

38、for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD);the Board of the International Development Agency(IDA);the Board of the International Finance Corporation(IFC);and the Board of the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency(MIGA).Executive Directors are appointed or elected by the World Bank Group Governors.S

39、eparate elections are held for the IBRD and MIGA Board of Directors.IBRD Executive Directors serve ex officio as Directors for IFC and IDA.In line with the IBRDs Articles of Agreement,the Executive Directors select the World Bank President,who is the Chairman of the Board of Directors.Chief Economis

40、t(Vice President of DEC)The Senior Vice President and Chief Economist of the World Bank Group,responsible for providing intellectual leadership and direction to the Banks overall international development strategy and economic research agenda at the global,regional,and country levels.Contributor Man

41、agement Team(CMT)One of the WBL functional teams.Responsible for overseeing the process of maintaining and expanding the pool of WBL Expert Contributors,establishing rules for the communication between the WBL Team and these experts,guiding the data collection process,and monitoring compliance with

42、established rules.The Contributor Management Team is also mandated to build and maintain partnerships with global and regional partners.Contributor Relationship Management(CRM)system Database containing contact information and questionnaire tracking information for the Expert Contributors who WBL en

43、gages in the data collection and dissemination process.Country Director/Country Manager/Division Director Depending on the size of the program and nature of the country relationship,the World Bank Country Offices are headed by either a Division Director(when multiple countries are covered by the CMU

44、),Country Director,Country Manager,or Resident Representative.Country Management Units(CMU)World Bank offices located in the Banks client countries,often covering a group of countries.Each of the seven Regional Vice Presidencies within the World BankEastern and Southern Africa,Western and Central Af

45、rica,East Asia and the Pacific,Europe and Central Asia,Latin America and the Caribbean,Middle East and North Africa,and South Asiahas several CMUs.Each CMU is responsible for World Bank dialogue with the country government and the preparation of the Country Partnership Framework,which is the basis f

46、or the Banks financial support to the country.Data Collection Mission WBL mission with the principal aim of collecting and confirming data with the private sector and specific public agencies.Data Management System(DMS)Main repository for data collected during each WBL cycle and coding decisions for

47、 each topic.Data Team One of the WBL functional teams.In charge of data quality and integrity and also manages the survey distribution and data production processes.The team ensures the maintenance,in collaboration with colleagues in the Information and Technology Solutions(ITS)Vice Presidency,of th

48、e three main systems used by WBL(CRM,ngSurvey,and DMS).Under the Data Teams purview are several key databases,including the WBL data set,the Reforms Database,the Law Library,and the Contributor Relationship Management database.Finally,the team is the custodian of the processes and procedures contain

49、ed in this Manual and Guide.Development Economics Vice Presidency(DEC)The Development Economics Vice Presidency(DEC)increases understanding of development policies and programs by providing intellectual leadership and analytical services to the Bank and the development community.It is the premier re

50、search and data arm of the World Bank.DECIG(Global Indicators Group)The Global Indicators Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency of the World Bank Group.DECIG Director(Director)The Director in charge of DECIG.Reporting to the Chief Economist and supervising the flagship data and reports

51、produced by the department,including Women,Business and the Law,Enterprise Surveys,Global and Subnational Business Ready.Dissemination,Relationships,Engagement,and Media(DREAM)Team One of the WBL functional teams.Responsible for communications,knowledge management,strategic outreach,and stakeholder

52、engagement to encourage the uptake of WBL data and research within and outside the World Bank.Enforcement Perceptions(EP)Team:The enforcement perceptions team is one of the WBL topic teams.It collects data and constructs an index that evaluates legal experts views on how effectively public authoriti

53、es enforce laws and uphold rights assessed in the Women,Business and the Law legal frameworks.Ethics and Internal Justice Services(EIJ)Vice Presidency It was established on the recommendation of the Task Force on Workplace Culture.EIJ promotes the World Bank Groups Core Values,and provides ethical a

54、dvisory and conflict resolution services to staff.It integrates functions related to compliance with Staff Rules and addressing work-related concerns and grievances.Executive Directors(EDs)The Executive Directors who make up the Board of Directors of the World Bank Group.Includes alternates to Execu

55、tive Directors,who have full power to act in the absence of their respective Executive Directors.Experts or Expert Contributors Experts from 190 economies who every year complete WBL questionnaires containing the questions on which the WBL report is based.Experts are sometimes referred to as contrib

56、utors or respondents.Experts Manager WBL Team member who oversees the process of maintaining and expanding the pool of WBL Expert Contributors and supports relationships between the WBL Team and these Experts.The team member also coordinates with Information and Technology Solutions(ITS)counterparts

57、 on tasks,issues,and enhancements concerning the Contributor Relationship Management(CRM)system.External and Corporate Relations(ECR)The Vice Presidency that works with World Bank Group leadership to secure financial and political support for the WBG,enable the achievement of country outcomes,and st

58、rengthen its role as a global thought leader in development.Government Engagement Portal A dedicated section on the WBL website for governments to request bilateral workshops or meetings.These workshops are closed to the public and include project overviews,methodology presentations,Q&A,and economy-

59、specific data discussions.Group Internal Audit(GIA)The unit within the World Bank Group that provides an independent view on whether processes for managing and controlling risks to achieve the WBGs goals,and overall governance of these processes,are adequately designed and functioning effectively.GI

60、A works across all WBG institutions,covering all operational corporate functions as well as information technology(IT)systems and processes.Information and Technology Solutions(ITS)The Vice Presidency that provides transformative information and technology resources to WBG staff.Law and Implementati

61、on Library Internal repository of digital copies of current and historical laws,regulations and other supporting documentary evidence used as a reference during the coding phase.Manager(also WBL Manager)The Manager of the WBL Team.The final review and decision-making layer within the team.ngSurvey I

62、T platform used for the WBL questionnaires as well as collecting information from the Government Engagement Portal.The ngSurvey is used for the generation,storage,and extraction of questionnaires.Production Leader WBL Team member who oversees the writing and production process of the annual Women,Bu

63、siness and the Law report,including coordination with the Publications Office or external editor and typesetter and compilation and response to feedback from the Bank-wide Review.Reform A new law or amendment that improves the score of Women,Business and the Law indicators.Reform Advisory Any activi

64、ty that involves providing specific guidance on reforms that directly affect the WBL indicators,scores,or rankings.Colleagues involved in Reform Advisory activities are not involved in the production of the data or the report,to guarantee data integrity.Research Quality and Analysis Team One of the

65、WBL functional teams.In charge of creating the economy-level WBL indexes and data sets,providing the reproducibility package for the WBL data and report,reviewing the quality of research outputs,and developing guidelines for data quality and integrity.Research Team One of the WBL functional teams.In

66、 charge of producing research and coordinating the WBL Teams research activities.The research teams objectives include background research to strengthen the overall WBL methodology,producing analysis and empirical research papers using WBL data to increase the projects impact,supporting the overall

67、WBL Team on empirical analysis used in reports and briefs,and increasing the awareness of WBL data sets among economists and academia through networks and conferences.The team works closely and collaboratively with the Data Team and Topic Teams.Supervisor Supervisors within the WBL Team play a cruci

68、al role in fostering a positive and productive work environment.First,they ensure that Topic Leaders and teams consistently,accurately,and punctually fulfill their tasks and responsibilities by following the directions set forth by the Manager and Director.Additionally,they provide valuable guidance

69、 to Topic Leaders,encompassing both subject matter expertise and practical implementation insights.Survey Team One of the WBL functional teams.In charge of setting up the process to design,generate,test,and distribute the WBL questionnaires in relevant languages(Arabic,English,French,Russian,and Spa

70、nish)and formats.Topic One of the ten topics analyzed by the WBL report following the life cycle of a womans working life:Safety,Mobility,Work,Pay,Marriage,Parenthood,Childcare,Entrepreneurship,Assets,and Pension.Topic Leader Senior member of the WBL Team who leads the team working on one or more to

71、pics of the Women,Business and the Law report.Topic Team A team working on one or more topics covered by the Women,Business and the Law report.Travel Request(TR)Pre-travel request that must be submitted and approved in the SAP database for authorization for WBG staff to travel.Verticals The units wi

72、thin the World Bank Group envisioned to be vertical pillars of technical expertise on their respective subject.World Bank Group(WBG)The five global institutions that make up the World Bank Group:the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development(IBRD);the International Development Association

73、(IDA);the International Finance Corporation(IFC);the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency(MIGA);and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes(ICSID).WBG colleagues Staff within the World Bank Group,including all five global institutions,as well as Country Offices.WBL Managem

74、ent Team Team comprised of the WBL Manager and Supervisors.WBL Team Staff working on the WBL project,including temporaries and consultants working on the WBL report,as described in Staff Rule 4.01,Section 2.01.The WBG Core ValuesImpact,Integrity,Respect,Teamwork,and Innovationguide everything employ

75、ees of the WBG do.WBL products have a great impact on client economies and other stakeholders.Doing WBG work with respect and integrity is essential to building and preserving trust among clients.The WBL Team strives to achieve the highest standards for responsibility,accountability,and quality of W

76、BL products.WBL Team members should be knowledgeable about the WBG Code of Ethics,which articulates the WBG Core Values and the ethical norms and behaviors that the WBG expects from staff,that each of us should expect of ourselves,from one another,and from the institution.The Code of Ethics is compl

77、ementary to the WBG Staff Rules that are the basis for determining misconduct and disciplinary sanctions.The Staff Manual contains the Principles of Staff Employment,the Staff Rules,and related procedures and guidance.WBL Team members should refer to the Code of Ethics as a resource that will help t

78、hem incorporate the Core Values in what they do and to identify and speak up about conduct and behaviors that are inconsistent with the Core Values.WBL staff complete mandatory e-learning on the Code of Ethics and Core Values and are encouraged to complete other available training offerings by the E

79、thics and Internal Justice Services Vice Presidency(EIJ).WBL Team members are encouraged to refer to this document and to the EIJ resources described below for guidance on how to handle potential cases of undue pressure to manipulate the data(that is,alter the data disregarding the WBL methodology)f

80、rom WBG Management,government officials,or any other internal or external counterpart.WBL staff owe their duty exclusively to the WBG and maintain their independence by not accepting any instructions relating to the performance of their duties from any governments or other entities and persons exter

81、nal to the WBG(see Article V,Section 5(c)of the IBRD Articles of Agreement).Given that working on WBL research involves interacting with stakeholders with varying interests,concerns about conflict of interest can arise when WBL staff receive instructions beyond the scope of the tasks under their ass

82、ignments.Staff who need guidance on concerns about conflict of interest should consult directly with their Manager or Senior Management team.They can also seek guidance from the Ethics Advisory Team.EIJ will advise on applicable WBG Staff Rules and policies,work together with staff to assess the con

83、flict-of-interest risk or reputation risk to the WBG,and provide guidance on how to proceed.In the context of drafting or revising the WBL report,a conflict of interest consists of any situation in which the professional commitment of a WBL team member to provide the highest standards of integrity,i

84、ndependence,and competence is compromised because(1)it is in the personal interest of the team member not to do so,or(2)the team member believes it to be in their personal interest not to do so.Conflicts of interest can occur in many different situations.Should any WBL Team member feel that they fin

85、d themselves in a conflict-of-interest situation,they are encouraged to discuss the specific circumstances with their Manager and if needed seek guidance from the EIJ Advisory Team.Generally,WBG staff are restricted in the degree to which they may hold outside and concurrent employment.There is less

86、 restriction on outside employment activities with nonprofit entities provided that such activities are not paid and that they take place in the staff members own time and without using WBG resources.Outside employment by full-time staff members in for-profit entities requires the approval of the Ch

87、ief Ethics Officer,which is only granted in limited and exceptional circumstances.Some WBL Team members,particularly short-term consultant(STC)team members,have concurrent employment or assignments both inside and outside of DEC.All WBL staff,including staff holding a Short Term Consultant(STC)or Sh

88、ort Term Temporary(STT)appointment,are required to inform their Manager of all other concurrent assignments,including other WBG assignments.For more information on outside employment and activities,see Staff Rule 3.02(Employment Outside the WBG)and consult with EIJ.The Principles of Staff Employment

89、 also apply(specifically Principle 3)and call for avoiding any type of conflict of interest.Generally,STC staff members may hold concurrent outside employment provided:They are not employed by or contract with member governments or other entities to work on WBG-financed projects during their period

90、of STC employment if the WBG-financed project and the concurrent STC work involve the same country.They are not an employee of another public entity,including but not limited to governments and other international organizations,unless that entity has approved its employee working at the WBG.They do

91、not provide services to the WBG through a vendor.To mitigate against conflict of interest and reputational risk to the WBG,WBL staff may not accept concurrent work assignments from other WBG units that involve providing WBL Reform Advisory work.In particular,WBL Team members may not provide informat

92、ion on current cycle coding status of economies scores or whether newly introduced legislation or policies will affect economies scores to anyone outside of the team.WBL team members cannot advise governments directly on legal drafting of laws that affect any of the WBL indicators.WBL staff may,with

93、 approval by the Development Economics Women,Business and the Law(DECWL)Manager,undertake other cross-support assignments that are not related to a WBL Reform Advisory.The DECWL Manager is responsible for assessing potential conflicts of interest from proposed cross-support assignments.Additionally,

94、WBL staff may not perform services relating to WBL Reform Advisory activities that could affect the WBL data.For example,WBL team members cannot participate in projects(Reimbursable Advisory Services RAS,loan programs,and so on)whose aim is to improve the WBL index scores,or rankings of an economy c

95、overed by the report(for example,by providing guidance on how to reform gender equality legislation in an economy).A WBL staff member who receives a request from a client or other external entity to perform WBL Reform Advisory work must direct such request to their Manager or relevant Global Practic

96、e(GP).The staff member should inform the client or stakeholder via email(copying their Manager)that the request has been directed to the Manager or to the relevant GP.All materials produced or acquired during WBL assignmentswritten,graphic,film,video recordings,or otherwiseremain the property of the

97、 WBG,and the WBG retains ownership and copyright,and the right to publish or disseminate reports,books,and documents arising from such materials in all languages.WBL staff may not personally use information acquired in the performance of their assignments with DECWL unless such use has been authoriz

98、ed in accordance with WBG Staff Rules.They should consult with EIJ or the External and Corporate Relations Vice Presidency(ECR)on the policy regarding using WBG information for personal writing and publication.The WBL team routinely receives requests to provide analytics or similar support to operat

99、ional teams to identify critical gaps and inform project design(cross-support).These analytical products are meant to inform project design,specifically the development of objectives and identification of relevant interventions,rather than providing direct advice to client governments.Examples of de

100、liverables the team can produce include:Assessments and deep dives related to WBL data for specific economies,regions,or topics.These assessments present the WBL data,highlighting in particular gaps in the laws and policies at the national,regional,or topic area.Presentations,trainings,blogs,researc

101、h papers,and other material related to WBL data.Methodology workshops and trainings.Ad hoc analytics,measuring the legal environment of an economy(beyond what is covered by WBL).Requests to review project concept notes,reports,working papers,white papers,and research articles.Receiving and reviewing

102、 cross-support requests Before agreeing to provide the cross-support,the WBL team member clarifies the following with the requesting team and the respective Topic Leader or Supervisor:Scope of work.Deliverables should fall in one of the categories listed above and focus primarily on WBL research and

103、 data.Timeline.Timeline should be feasible,given the priorities at the time.Changes in assignments to accommodate requests can be discussed with the Topic Leader.Time estimate/cost.Should be commensurate with what is being asked and the level of experience.After receiving a request for cross-support

104、,team members should discuss with their Topic Leader or Supervisor and then obtain clearance from the Manager.This should be documented in writing,with an email or terms of reference(TOR)/statement of work,presenting the deliverable,timeline,and estimate of time that will be spent working on this de

105、liverable(along with how this cost will be shared).The WBL team ensures data integrity by storing data in two restricted locations:Answers from Expert Contributors are stored securely in the survey tool.Once submitted,questionnaires are locked.If Expert Contributors need to amend their responses,the

106、y can request the WBL team to unlock their questionnaire.The WBL team will forward the request to the Information and Technology Solutions department(ITS),which will handle the unlocking process on the backend.Once unlocked,Expert Contributors are expected to make any necessary changes themselves be

107、fore resubmitting the questionnaire to finalize their responses.While the survey tool does not restrict access based on user roles,any changes to the responses are recorded.WBL team members adhere strictly to survey integrity guidelines,which require them to not edit responses.Additionally,the WBL t

108、eam will consider sending stand-alone questionnaires with a subset of questions(for example,on the availability of sex-disaggregated data)to a dedicated expert respondent base(for example,statistical offices)to increase the quality and accuracy of the data collected for legal and supportive framewor

109、ks.The data collected will only be used for validation purposes.Verified and validated data points for laws and policy mechanisms(supportive frameworks)are stored in the Data Management System(DMS).Any change to a data point is recorded by the system through an audit function.The author of the chang

110、e,the time of the change,and the change itself are all recorded.The data review process involves four layers of review to ensure accuracy and integrity of the data collected on the laws and policy mechanisms.The first three layers are carried out in the Data Management System and recorded through an

111、 audit function.By reviewing the laws,the review process will also address any discrepancies that may arise between Expert Contributors regarding the legal bases underlying their perceptions of enforcement.1.The Topic Leader(level 1 review)verifies and validates the data as coded by the Analyst in a

112、ccordance with the methodology.2.An Internal Reviewer(level 2 review)checks for consistency and accuracy.3.The Manager(level 3 review)focuses on data changes due to reforms or corrections(reviewing the justifications provided).4.Finally,using the approved panel data(in.xlsx and.dta formats),the Data

113、 Team(level 4 review)carries out consistency and quality checks.The Research Quality and Analysis Team carries out data computation,running formulas and scripts to aggregate data and calculate the indicator,topic,and index scores.Perception-based data collected through the questionnaires undergo a d

114、ifferent validation process,to ensure that perception-based data on the level of enforcement of laws are only scored when the relevant laws are in place.The collected quantitative data on perceptions are deidentified,then aggregated through data computation,using Stata software to construct the rele

115、vant scores and indexes of economies for the Enforcement Perceptions pillar.The coding scripts and other documentation used to construct indicators and to compute scores for each economy is made publicly available with the WBL report.The WBL Enforcement Perceptions team coordinates,prepares,and exec

116、utes the appropriate scripts for the perception-based data.The final data set is reviewed and cleared by the Manager.The scored panel data,de-identified raw perception data used for scoring,and computational files are then published on the WBL website.Final WBL data are approved by DECIG Management

117、and shared with World Bank colleagues during the Bank-wide Review(BWR)process,as described in section 9,Clearance and Publication of the Report and Data.Modifications following the BWR are subject to specific protocols and limitations.Any correction to the data related to laws and policies needs to

118、be justified and supported by relevant documentation(laws in force or applicable policies).The review process is described in detail section 8,Data Management,Analysis,and Review.Computational files to generate the final data sets,as well as the figures and tables included in WBL reports,are constru

119、cted in compliance with the DIME Research Reproducibility Standards,and the team at DIME Analytics helps to review and verify the reproducibility package prepared by the Research Quality and Analysis Team.Once approved,the reproducibility package of WBL reports is published in the World Banks Reprod

120、ucible Research Repository.This process ensures data quality and improves the transparency of the project,strengthening trust in the WBL data and report.For the purpose of the WBL activities,undue pressure is defined as any threat,intimidation,harassment,bullying,and/or shunning intended to force WB

121、L team members to alter,omit,or disregard data without evidence that such data are flawed,or to include or rely on data that are known to be methodologically flawed or manipulated.Undue pressure can occur by omission as well as by commission.A sudden change in work program or reporting line that is

122、not justified by a clear need or a request from a WBL team member,and that follows a request to alter,omit,or disregard valid data or to include or rely upon invalid data,should be treated as potential undue pressure.Similarly,a gradual or sudden exclusion from professional meetings that a WBL team

123、member at a given functional level would normally be expected to attend,or even from social activities that a WBL team member in the same situation would normally be invited to,will be reviewed as potential undue pressure when combined with a request to alter,ignore,or include data when the request

124、lacks factual grounding.The Ethics Advisory offers advice on ways to protect the project from undue influence from internal and external stakeholders and makes resources available to the WBL team to report any perceived undue influence.This chapter provides detailed information on how the Women,Busi

125、ness and the Law(WBL)project engages with Expert Contributors who submit the data for the WBL report,including the methods and criteria used to identify Expert Contributors.It describes the database that tracks all the information provided by Experts.It also provides the rules related to the WBL Tea

126、ms interactions with Expert Contributors,Stakeholders,and World Bank Group colleagues.The primary data collection method used by the WBL Team is questionnaire-based data collection.Expert Contributor data collection refers to data collected from professionals knowledgeable about the relevant legal a

127、nd policy frameworks.Expert Contributors base their responses on their knowledge and experience with legal frameworks,regulatory frameworks,relevant public services,and implementation of regulations for their particular topic.The data are also obtained through data collection missions,desk research,

128、and consultations with secondary sources such as government websites and legal databases.WBL covers a wide range of topic areas following the life cycle of a working woman and her interaction with the law.Each year,three detailed questionnaires are sent to Expert Contributors in 190 economies on the

129、 following broad areas:family law and access to finance;labor law and childcare services;and violence against women legislation.The questionnaires include questions on the applicable laws and regulations;implementation mechanisms(policies and action plans,implementing institutions,access to justice,

130、programs and services,data);and experts perceptions on the enforcement of the laws and regulations.WBL identifies which of the three broad areas each Contributor has expertise in,as well as their geographic area of expertise,and invites Contributors to respond to those particular questionnaires.WBLs

131、 contributor base comprises Expert Contributors in the private and public sectors.Private sector Expert Contributors include sole practitioners(for example,self-employed lawyers)and practitioners working in small,medium,and large firms,civil society organizations,academics,policy experts,and think t

132、anks.In addition,WBL collects data from the public sector.A public sector contributor is an individual who holds a position of authority or responsibility within a government agency,department,or entity.Public sector experts are elected or appointed to design or enforce policies and their work typic

133、ally reflects the governments official stance on issues.The data provided by public sector Expert Contributors are used as a reference to validate the data collected on legal and supportive frameworks.Questionnaires completed by public sector Expert Contributors do not include enforcement perception

134、 questions.Please refer to section 5,Engagement with Governments for more information about public sector expert identification and selection,correspondence,and core interactions.WBL recruits private sector contributors with varying areas of expertise based on the topic of questionnaire.Table 1 summ

135、arizes the different professionals and areas of expertise.Private sector Expert Contributors are required to be proficient only in their related areas of expertise(family law,access to finance,labor law,the provision of childcare services,and laws protecting women from violence).Table 1.Table 1.Prof

136、essionals and Areas of Expertise for the Expert Contributors for Each WBL Survey WBL Survey Topic Relevant Professions,Areas of Expertise Violence against women Safety Lawyers specializing in criminal and family law,gender experts,CSOs providing gender-based violence(GBV)services and programming.Fam

137、ily law and access to finance Mobility Lawyers specializing in family law,civil law,or corporate law;gender experts;notaries;national registration and identification systems specialists.Marriage Lawyers specialized in family law,gender equality advocates/members of civil society,and international de

138、velopment professionals who focus on womens rights and gender equality.Entrepreneurship Lawyers specialized in family,corporate,and civil law.Gender equality advocates/members of civil society,and international development professionals who focus on womens rights,gender equality,womens financial inc

139、lusion,and womens economic empowerment.Assets Lawyers specialized in family,corporate,and civil law.Gender equality advocates/members of civil society,land registries,and international development professionals who focus on womens rights,gender equality,and womens economic empowerment.Labor law and

140、childcare services Work Lawyers specializing in labor law,researchers and professors specializing in labor law,journalists focused on labor legislation,and human resource professionals knowledgeable about labor legislation.Pay Lawyers specializing in labor law,researchers and professors specializing

141、 in labor law,journalists focused on labor legislation,and human resource professionals knowledgeable about labor legislation.Parenthood Lawyers specializing in labor law,researchers and professors specializing in labor law,journalists focused on labor legislation,and human resource professionals kn

142、owledgeable about labor legislation.Childcare Labor lawyers,professors,and public policy analysts with expertise in childcare policies and provision of childcare services and/or with the necessary research skills to identify relevant laws and policies.Also,academics,CSO representatives,and professio

143、nals working in multilateral organizations,such as UNICEF and UNESCO.Pensions Lawyers specializing in labor law,researchers and professors specializing in labor law,journalists focused on labor legislation,and human resource professionals knowledgeable about labor legislation.Source:Women,Business a

144、nd the Law team.Note:CSOs=civil society organizations;UNESCO=United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization;UNICEF=United Nations Childrens Fund.Each Topic Team is responsible for selecting and managing its network of Expert Contributors and collecting the data.The Contributor Manag

145、ement Team oversees the process,facilitating the relationships between the WBL team and Expert Contributors.The data collection process starts when the WBL team directly invites Expert Contributors in all measured economies to complete WBL questionnaires related to their areas of expertise,by distri

146、buting questionnaires through the survey software(ngSurvey).Additionally,the WBL team is considering distributing a stand-alone questionnaire with a subset of questions(focused on sex-disaggregated data)via Microsoft Forms.This additional questionnaire aims to enhance data quality by targeting contr

147、ibutors with specific expertise in sex-disaggregated data.Using their legal knowledge as well as specific economy information and last cycle legal bases,Expert Contributors complete WBL questionnaires on a pro bono basis and submit their responses through the survey software(ngSurvey)and Microsoft F

148、orms.In addition to indicating whether any updates to the information are needed or if there have been changes in the law,Expert Contributors also provide their perception on the level of enforcement of the laws and regulations.Expert Contributors have about three weeks to submit their responses to

149、their topic questionnaires,with the possibility of a deadline extension.During each data collection cycle,the team recruits dozens of new Expert Contributors to answer the questionnaires.Expert Contributors are selected based on their expertise in the areas of law covered by each of the three main W

150、BL questionnaires.Various methods are used to recruit new Expert Contributors,including through the WBL website sign-up page,LinkedIn,referrals,and desk-based research.The Expert Contributors should only be contacted if they have the expertise required to be sent the questionnaire and participate in

151、 the research.To identify private sector Expert Contributors,each Topic Team:Prepares a list of relevant professions with the relevant areas of expertise and experience.Identifies specific Expert Contributors who meet requirements and assess their expertise via an expertise assessment.All Expert Con

152、tributors must abide by the following requirements.Independence,impartiality and objectivity.Expert Contributors should appear to be neutral,independent,and impartial with respect to the influence of public agencies and demonstrate an absence of bias toward any jurisdiction under review.Knowledge.Ex

153、pert Contributors should be well-versed with regulations and practices related to the topic area they contribute to.Language.Expert Contributors should have effective communication skills in one of the core WBG languages.This requirement can be exempted under exceptional circumstances if there are n

154、o experts who can communicate effectively in the core languages.Compliance.During their engagement with WBL,Expert Contributors are expected to comply with all applicable national laws and codes of ethics relevant to their professions.Proven ability.Expert Contributors should commit to performing th

155、e assigned tasks within the indicated schedule and being available in case follow-ups are needed.WBL requires Expert Contributors to meet the required standards following expertise assessment criteria.The criteria included in the assessment include professional background,educational qualifications,

156、and years of relevant work experience.Regarding professional background,contributors shall fall into one of the following professional categories:Legal professionals.These are lawyers,jurists,or attorneys working in a relevant field.Academics.These are professionals who hold or pursue a doctoral/pos

157、tgraduate degree and/or are associated with a university,think tank,research center,or the like.They should also work in a relevant field.Policy or development professionals.These must be working in the field of womens rights with a reputable CSSO,NGO,or international organization.Law graduate stude

158、nts(LLM,MA,or SJD(Ph.D.)candidates).These are law graduate students who have prior legal education(LL.B,or JD)unless they are supervised by a professor.Also,graduate students must possess two years of relevant professional experience.Public policy graduate students(MPP candidates).These are public p

159、olicy graduate students who have relevant degrees(such as gender studies)unless they are supervised by a professor.Also,graduate students must possess two years of relevant professional experience.Retired professionals.Retirees generally qualify as contributors if they used to work or have expertise

160、 in any of the above fields.As part of the expertise assessment process,the WBL team also evaluates the Expert Contributors educational qualifications.WBL prioritizes recruiting Expert Contributors who have pursued tertiary education,such as a law degree or a masters degree in a relevant field.WBL s

161、eeks individuals with a law degree or graduate degrees in relevant fields(masters or PhD).The qualifications of expert contributors are validated through thorough desk research conducted by the team.This process involves comprehensive verification and analysis of the contributors credentials and exp

162、ertise as indicated in open sources,including LinkedIn profiles,Google Scholar profiles,and information published on the firms and personal websites.Additionally,Expert Contributors are requested to self-report their expertise and qualifications during data collection,ensuring that the information i

163、s accurate and up to date.For topics covering multiple legal areas,the WBL team strives to identify contributors with broad expertise and practical experience.This allows for comprehensive insights across various topic aspects.If Expert Contributors tend to specialize in one area and are not familia

164、r with a related topic,they are welcome to ask a qualified colleague to assist.In such cases,a colleague can participate as an additional Expert Contributor,and their name should be communicated to the WBL team.The WBL team also follows a process to conduct credibility assessments.The general guidan

165、ce for evaluating Expert Contributors consists of the following points:Recent news.For example,news articles about a lawyers recent trials,work with clients or advocacy campaigns of a womens rights civil society organization.Thought leadership.Assessment of the recent blogs,guidebooks,articles,or pa

166、pers they have written related to the topic.Professional endorsements.Review of a LinkedIn profile for skill endorsements or recommendations.While conducting contributor credibility assessments,the WBL team strives to perform qualitative analysis of all available sources,such as news articles about

167、a lawyers recent trials,work with clients or advocacy campaigns for a womens rights civil society organization,in addition to reviewing LinkedIn profiles for skill endorsements or recommendations.As part of the credibility analysis,the team critically evaluates the quality of publications written by

168、 prospective Expert Contributors,considering only those published in peer-reviewed journals and referenced on Google Scholar.Global contributors are large law firms,broad-based networks,professional associations,and other organizations that coordinate the submission of multiple questionnaires across

169、 economies and topic areas through their subsidiaries in the relevant economies.WBL has formed strong partnerships with global and regional law firms and networks of lawyers,whose members contribute their expertise to the WBL surveys.Global law firms and organizations that support Women,Business and

170、 the Law on a global scale are acknowledged on the Women,Business and the Law website in the Global Partners section.The Contributor Management Team engages with a single focal point in the organization(pro bono coordinator),who coordinates the submission of questionnaires.At the start of the data c

171、ollection process the Contributor Management team distributes invitations to pro bono coordinators to support WBL data collection.Pro bono coordinators solicit interest within their network of experts to complete WBL questionnaires.Once confirmed,the coordinator compiles a list of economies and topi

172、cs the firm will contribute to and shares it with the Contributor Management Team,along with the proposed standard retention agreement outlining the terms of engagement.The proposed terms of engagement must be reviewed by at least two WBL team members with legal background prior to signing.When the

173、terms of the engagement are agreed upon,the Contributor Management Team returns signed engagement letter to pro bono coordinators and further oversees and coordinates submission of surveys by global contributors.Upon completion of data collection,the Contributor Management Team generates a list of r

174、eceived contributions along with the contributors names for each global partner and shares with the respective pro bono coordinator for input on publication preferences.WBL Expert Contributors are invited to refer the WBL team to professional who they believe may serve as experts.The WBL team conduc

175、ts an expertise assessment and directly invites referred Expert Contributors to complete questionnaires related to their areas of expertise by sending an addressed survey link(a link uniquely generated for that Expert Contributor).WBL Expert Contributors invited to respond to one or more topic quest

176、ionnaires by the WBL team shall not pass along the addressed survey links to their colleagues.They may refer colleagues as potential experts to the WBL project and the WBL team will evaluate their eligibility to ensure the questionnaire is completed by a qualified Expert Contributor.WBL maintains a

177、comprehensive database of Expert Contributors in the Contributor Relationship Management system(CRM)based on Microsoft Dynamics.This database contains information about the Expert Contributors and the teams interactions with them,such as which questionnaires they received and submitted.The team upda

178、tes CRM records for the Expert Contributors,their professional affiliation,contact information,and the status of the questionnaires they were sent.Expert Contributor data are collected,processed,and stored in a manner that is compatible with the purpose for which they were collected and in complianc

179、e with the WBG Policy on Personal Data Privacy and the Bank Directive on Personal Data Privacy Request and Review Mechanisms.For every Expert Contributor identified by the WBL Team,a profile page must be added to CRM detailing the following information whenever possible:Full name Gender Age group Pr

180、ofession Educational qualification Years of experience Associated firm or if they are self-employed Affiliation with government,when applicable Phone number Email address Website Topics they contribute to or may contribute Gender Given that the WBL project relies on the generous contributions of pro

181、 bono Expert Contributors,WBL acknowledges them on its website under the corresponding economy tab,if desired.Expert Contributors may choose to have their name,firm,website,and/or phone number published on the WBL website or to keep any or all of their information anonymous.Each Women,Business and t

182、he Law questionnaire includes a section for Expert Contributors to provide their preferences regarding what information they wish to be published.The WBL Team records and reviews these privacy preferences in the CRM system.Expert Contributors may change their publication preferences at any time.Addi

183、tionally,the WBL team members may contact Expert Contributors to confirm their preferences if there are discrepancies in publication preferences in different WBL data collection cycles.Any changes to the publication preferences must be made in writing via email,copying the shared email address corre

184、sponding to each Topic Team,in accordance with section 4.5,Handling the Correspondence with Expert Contributors.Every Topic must use reasonable efforts to obtain completed questionnaires from at least three Expert Contributors,especially when a reform or change to the law has been identified.For the

185、 calculation of the Enforcement Perceptions Pillar scores,at least three responses from Expert Contributors for each of the perception questions are required.If reforms or changes to the law are identified,through desk research or reported by the government/expert(s),the relevant Topic Team will val

186、idate the reform with Expert Contributors and against official sources.Data changes are always discussed with the Manager and flagged to the Director.If a Topic Team does not obtain the minimum number of responses required to finalize the data in an economy,the particular circumstances will be discu

187、ssed in a debrief meeting.During the debrief meeting,the Topic Leader,Supervisor,and DECWL Manager discuss the exceptions that can be granted for each economy based on its unique circumstances.Preliminary data analysis can be started before this threshold is reached and it is based on the relevant l

188、aw or regulation,accessed through desk research.Each Topic Team is responsible for updating the status of the topic questionnaire for each Expert Contributor in CRM.If a Topic Team contacts an Expert Contributor,they record the following information on the Expert Contributors profile page:The Expert

189、 Contributors confirmation or rejection for that particular WBL data collection cycle.Their request to be contacted again in the future or to never be contacted again.Their request for an extension of the deadline and the requested new deadline.The confirmation received that the expert will be compl

190、eting the questionnaire and completion of the topic questionnaire,along with corresponding dates.Any notes regarding expertise assessment.The Contributor Management Team,Data Team,and Enforcement Perceptions Team collaborate to distribute a weekly tracking report during the data collection cycle to

191、monitor progress achieved.Tracking begins two weeks after the survey distribution date and ends when all teams have reached 100 percent completion.The weekly tracking table displays the total number and percentage of economies“received”across all topic areas,where“received”means that at least three

192、responses for each enforcement perceptions question have been received from private sector Expert Contributors.Further,the tracking report showcases the progress achieved by each team.All written correspondence with Expert Contributors must copy the shared email address for the respective Topic Team

193、.The shared email inbox is structured with subfolders for each data collection cycle,which are further organized by economy to ensure systematic e-mail storage.The proper storage of data is essential for WBL data governance.It is the responsibility of Analysts and Topic Leadersaccording to the distr

194、ibution of economies assigned at the beginning of the cycleto store all the data received and used for coding.Typically,these documents are:Emails containing follow-up responses from Expert Contributors.Emails are stored in the designated folder in the secure folder structure assigned to the WBL tea

195、m,protected behind the World Banks firewall,and only accessible to current WBL team members.Attachments and supplemental information submitted by Expert Contributors.Expert Contributors often submit PDF copies of the applicable laws and regulations in their economies or other forms of supplemental i

196、nformation through email.These are also saved in the designated folder in the secure folder structure assigned to the WBL Team,protected behind the World Banks firewall,and only accessible to current WBL team members,as well as properly cataloged in the WBL Teams Law Library.After obtaining the topi

197、c questionnaire responses from the Expert Contributors and analyzing them,the Topic Team members conduct a final expertise assessment to evaluate whether the responses submitted by Expert Contributors meet the required quality standard and whether such Expert Contributors should be contacted in futu

198、re cycles and record their assessment in CRM.Following are examples of the various criteria taken into consideration for this assessment:Recent knowledge.Did the Expert Contributors share or not share information about reforms that are known to have been implemented?Lack of accuracy.Did the Expert C

199、ontributor provide information that is factually and verifiably incorrect?If yes,a note is made in General Notes fields on the Expert Contributors profile on CRM,and the Analyst informs the Topic Leader.Thoroughness.Did the Expert Contributor write thorough answers to the questions?A lack of thoroug

200、hness does not indicate a lack of expertise,but thoroughness can demonstrate strong expertise.Potential plagiarism bias.Are there the same spelling mistakes in more than two questionnaires for the same economy/topic?Is there similar wording or copy/pasted answers across multiple questionnaires?The W

201、BL Team manages the relationship with Expert Contributors exclusively.Communications are on a bilateral basis,and exchanges are separate from any stakeholder interactions with the WBL Team.All communications are handled through the relevant Topic Team shared mailbox or through the general wblworldba

202、nk.org mailbox.The WBL Team may contact Expert Contributors for a limited set of reasons:To request that they complete the questionnaire.If needed,remind them to complete the questionnaire.If needed,ask to respond to follow-up questions.If needed,confirm their contact information for acknowledgement

203、 purposes.To maintain privacy and data independence,the WBL Team never shares which topic an expert participates in with anyone outside the WBL Team.Even if WBG colleagues ask about Expert Contributors,the WBL Team only refers them to publicly available information on the website.WBL maintains a com

204、prehensive database of Expert Contributors in CRM.The same platform is also used by Business Ready(B-READY)and Subnational Business Ready to maintain the contact information for their respective Expert Contributors.For economies covered by both the B-READY and WBL projects,each team will contact its

205、 respective network of contributors.An overlap is possible(the same Expert Contributor contributing to both the Business Ready and the WBL projects),in which case the two teams coordinate and agree on the communication format and timeline.The B-Ready team and WBL Team meet regularly to coordinate co

206、ntributor outreach and management,align timelines,and share information about upcoming and ongoing contributor outreach and recruitment projects.Public officials,World Bank staff,and other stakeholders must avoid any undue interference with Expert Contributors,and they should not directly or indirec

207、tly be involved in the data collection process if they are not WBL team members.Activities that are or may be perceived as interference with Women,Business and the Law data collection include:Contacting Expert Contributors to influence their answers to Women,Business and the Law questionnaires.Provi

208、ding suggested questionnaire responses to current and/or possible future Expert Contributors.Requesting information from Expert Contributors on responses provided in any year.Organizing meetings with Expert Contributors to discuss data.Requesting Expert Contributors to answer Women,Business and the

209、Law questions in a certain way.Interfering with Women,Business and the Law data collection visits to an economy.Pressuring or coercing current and/or possible future Expert Contributors to participate in the Women,Business and the Law data collection process or to change their responses.If the Women

210、,Business and the Law team determines that stakeholders have engaged in activities that are or could be perceived as interference with the independence of potential experts in an economy,the Women,Business and the Law team,in consultation with Bank Management,may take steps to preserve the integrity

211、 of the data,including by not updating data for the economy in a given report cycle,as well as by excluding the economys data entirely.The WBL Team may also invite WBG colleagues to fill out the WBL topic questionnaires during the WBL data collection cycle.Such questionnaires can be used for data va

212、lidation purposes only.Colleagues must submit their responses within six(6)weeks from the time they receive the invitation from the WBL Team.The WBL Team does not publish information shared by WBG colleagues in their questionnaires.This chapter contains the guiding principles and protocols related t

213、o the WBL Teams engagement with governments.The objective of such protocols is to ensure fairness and transparency in the WBL data collection process and in the dialogue with governments.As explained in section 4.1,Data collection through Expert Contributors,at the beginning of each WBL cycle,the WB

214、L Team invites representatives from the public sector to complete the WBL topic questionnaires and provide inputs for their economies.Such focal points may be representatives of relevant ministries,departments,agencies or other governmental bodies with expertise relevant to the WBL topics.Generally,

215、government experts are from the following ministries or departments:(1)Ministry of Justice,Ministry of Family Affairs,Ministry of Social Development,Department of Civil Affairs,etc.(for the family law survey)(2)Ministry of Labor,Ministry of Employment,Ministry of Social Protection,Department of Work

216、force Development,(for the labor law survey)and(3)Ministry of Womens Affairs,Ministry of Gender Equality,Ministry of Justice,Department of Social Services(for the violence against women survey).Governments can also interact with WBL Team members in settings that may involve other parties,such as at

217、launch events,methodology workshops,and dissemination events,including CSO engagements.In addition,governments may meet with WBL Team members during the International Monetary Fund(IMF)and World Bank Groups Spring Meetings and Annual Meetings upon obtaining prior approval from the WBL Management Tea

218、m.All such interactions follow strict rules,procedures,and timelines,as described in this chapter.At the beginning of each WBL cycle,economy focal points are identified in coordination with the relevant Executive Directors and WBG colleagues such as CMUs,in accordance with the procedure detailed in

219、section 5.2.9,General communication with the Board of Executive Directors.Focal points will be responsible for overseeing the completion of government surveys.They will receive all topic and stand-alone questionnaires.The questionnaires include all the questions related to the legal and supportive f

220、rameworks measured by WBL.The questionnaires do not include the enforcement perception questions.Inviting representatives from the public sector to complete topic questionnaires enables them to share firsthand knowledge of the most recent legal and policy initiatives at the outset of the data collec

221、tion phase.To streamline this effort,government agencies may designate a focal point to facilitate communication with the WBL Team.Governments have six weeks from the invitation date to submit their responses.Such responses can be used for data validation purposes only.WBL staff members should infor

222、m the WBL Manager of any communications not pertaining to the normal data collection process(for example,via WBL questionnaires)received from a government in relation to WBL data outside of the framework depicted in this section.Similarly to private sector Expert Contributors,information of public s

223、ector focal points and Expert Contributors is stored in CRM,under the following fields:Full name Profession Line ministry or public sector agency Phone number Address Email address Website Topics they contribute to or may contribute Expert Contributor data are collected,processed,and stored in compl

224、iance with the World Bank Policy on Personal Data Privacy and the Bank Directive on Personal Data Privacy Request and Review Mechanisms.The contribution from public sector officials will be acknowledged on the WBL website,indicating the relevant line ministries or agencies involved in providing resp

225、onses,under the relevant economy.The WBL Team may organize annual dedicated workshops to familiarize governments with each topics methodology,describe the data collection and validation processes and safeguards,and conduct an in-depth discussion.These workshops are open forums that officials from on

226、e or multiple governments can attend.The WBL Team organizes these workshops directly,after informing,and often with the support of,the World Banks Country Management Units(CMUs).In addition to government officials,private sector experts and civil society organizations(CSOs)can be invited to attend t

227、hese events.The WBL Team may also organize bilateral workshops.These workshops are organized upon request by governments and funded by relevant CMUs,Advisory Teams,or other World Bank colleagues.The purpose is to tailor methodology presentations to the specific needs of the stakeholders.Workshops ar

228、e closed to the public and can be conducted virtually or in-person.They include a project overview session and topic sessions with methodology presentations and question and answer(Q&A)sessions.Economy-specific data discussions are included in the scope of these workshops.In lieu of or after the met

229、hodology workshops,the WBL Team may organize and conduct webinars or ad hoc meetings to provide responses to questions that governments may have.These are also open forums that officials from one or multiple governments can attend.Every year following the publication and global launch of the WBL rep

230、ort,the WBL Team may organize economy-specific or regional launch events to present the results of the report.These events may be demand driven and change on a yearly basis.Governments are invited to attend them.More details on the dissemination strategy are available in section 10,Dissemination of

231、the Report and Data.The Development Economics Global Indicators Group(DECIG)Director(in some cases jointly with the WBL Management Team)may,when appropriate,conduct additional interactions with high-level government representatives,especially during the IMF and World Banks Spring and Annual Meetings

232、.Meetings may also be conducted with WBG Board of Executive Directors(EDs)and/or their advisors.These discussions may cover general issues related to WBL.Governments may be invited to participate to the kickoff and/or wrap-up meeting of data collection missions,as described in section 6.3,WBL Data C

233、ollection Missions.There is a dedicated section on the WBL website for governments to request bilateral workshops or meetings.Bilateral workshops are tailored to specific needs.These workshops are closed to the public and can be conducted virtually or in person.They include project overviews,methodo

234、logy presentations,Q&A,and economy-specific data discussions.The team may also conduct webinars or ad hoc meetings to address government questions.The WBL Team regularly updates and publishes the schedule of all meetings requested through the Government Engagement Portal on its official website.The

235、purpose is to maintain transparency and accessibility of information.The schedule is organized by topic and by economy.Responses to data update submissions are also made available on the website.The Development Economics Women,Business and the Law(DECWL)Manager prepares written communication to be s

236、ent via email to the Board of Executive Directors through the Corporate Secretariat announcing the start of data collection.The DECIG Director clears this email and sends it to DECVP for final decision.This communication includes information about cycle milestones,all the rules for government intera

237、ctions,and any additional relevant updates.It is sent or blind copied to the following officers/units in the Bank:Executive Directors and their Alternates;Senior Advisors and Advisors to the Executive Directors;support staff of the Executive Directors;Vice President and World Bank Group Corporate Se

238、cretary;Corporate Secretariat(CORPSEC);Corporate Secretariat Vice Presidency(SECVP);Policy and Operations Department of the Corporate Secretariat(SECPO);Managing Director and Chief Administrative Officer;Managing Director,World Bank Group Chief Financial Officer;Chief Financial Officer Front Office(

239、CFOFO);World Bank Managing Director of Operations;Managing Director of Development Policy and Partnerships;Managing Director and WBG Chief Administrative Officer(MDCAO);Development Economics Front Office(DECFO);International Finance Corporation(IFC)Managing Director and Executive Vice President;IFC

240、Chief Executive Officer(CEO);and IFC CEOs Front Office.The same email is sent to relevant counterparts within the WBG.Approximately one week before the published report is launched,the DECIG Director sends a written communication to the Board of Executive Directors with an embargoed version of the W

241、BL report.The DECWL Manager and DECIG Management have an open and permanent dialogue with the Board of Executive Directors throughout the year on general issues pertaining to the WBL report.If Executive Directors want to submit specific information for an economy they represent,they are expected to

242、coordinate with the respective government and do so through the regular channels described above.Legal frameworks data Women,Business and the Law legal frameworks data are based on the in-force laws and regulations applicable in the main business city of a given economy.Copies or links to the laws a

243、nd regulations,as well as information on the applicable legal bases underlying each of the 40 WBL 2.0 legal frameworks questions(as well as the previous set of 35 WBL 1.0 legal frameworks questions),are obtained through questionnaire-based data collection with Expert Contributors,data collection mis

244、sions,desk research,and consultation with secondary sources such as government websites,legal databases,research papers or blogs.Expert Contributors may also be contacted for follow-up conversations(via email or telephone)where there is legal ambiguity or where questions about the applicable law rem

245、ain.Supportive frameworks data Women,Business and the Law supportive frameworks data are based on the de facto status of policies and plans,programs,services,budgets,procedures,data,policy incentives,guidelines,access to justice,and implementing agencies or institutions(collectively referred to here

246、in as policy mechanisms).Copies of documents that serve as evidence of policy mechanisms underpinning the supportive frameworks data are collected via the same mechanism as the legal frameworks data discussed above.Thus,they are obtained through questionnaire-based data collection with the same pool

247、 of experts,as well as data collection missions,desk research,and consultation with secondary sources such as government websites.Expert Contributors may also be contacted for follow-up conversations(via email or telephone)where ambiguity in interpretation remains.Enforcement perceptions data Women,

248、Business and the Law enforcement perceptions data are based on a perception-based survey of Expert Contributors.The enforcement perceptions data are obtained through questionnaire-based data collection with the same pool of Expert Contributors used to collect legal data.For each legal frameworks que

249、stion,there is a corresponding enforcement perceptions question.Experts are asked to rate their perception of enforcement of laws or the upholding of rights on a five-point scale(04).When the legal frameworks question refers to laws that guarantee womens rights or provide benefits,enforcement percep

250、tion questions ask about the level of enforcement(with 0 indicating no enforcement and 4 indicating full enforcement).When the legal frameworks question refers to lack of legal restrictions or laws that ensure equality between men and women,the enforcement perception question asks about the level of

251、 upholding of rights(with 0 indicating no upholding of rights and 4 indicating full upholding of rights).When the legal frameworks question refers to laws that restrict womens equal participation,the enforcement perception question asks about the level of enforcement of the restrictive law(with 0 in

252、dicating full enforcement of the restriction and 4 indicating no enforcement).The aggregated score should be interpreted in conjunction with the content of the referenced law or right.Finally,the enforcement perceptions section includes an open-ended question per topic,allowing Expert Contributors t

253、o share any additional barriers or challenges they observe for the successful enforcement of a law or upholding of a right for women,in practice,in their specific area of expertise.Each year,detailed topic questionnaires are sent to Expert Contributors in 190 economies on the following areas:family

254、law and access to finance,labor law and childcare services,and violence against women legislation.The questionnaires include questions on the applicable laws and regulations(legal frameworks);policy mechanisms(policies and action plans,implementing institutions,access to justice,programs and service

255、s,data);and experts perceptions on the enforcement of the laws and regulations.For more on this,see section 4.1,Data collection through Expert Contributors.WBL uses case study assumptions outlined in the questionnaires to guide Expert Contributors in the identification of the applicable laws and pol

256、icy mechanisms that pertain to the WBL index in each economy.Using their legal expertise,policy knowledge,specific economic information,and data published in the previous year,Expert Contributors complete the questionnaire online on a pro bono basis.They provide an expert input on the applicable leg

257、al or policy text and its interpretation,indicating whether updates to the information are needed or if there have been changes in the law or policy mechanism.Preliminary data collection is carried out by the WBL Team through desk research.This involves examining the latest text of the relevant law,

258、regulation,or policy mechanism to identify any reforms or changes.This analysis for each question is then validated by comparing it with Expert Contributors responses to confirm that the relevant law,regulation,or policy mechanism is the latest and that no reforms have occurred during the relevant p

259、eriod.Each questionnaire includes a standardized cover letter,fields for experts contact information,case study assumptions,instructions for completing the questionnaire,a series of substantive questions,and a section for experts to share their feedback on the questionnaire.Every year,topic question

260、naires are reviewed and,after initial approval by the Topic Leader,forwarded to the WBL Manager for further approval.New questions may be added for research purposes or as a result of changes to the methodology.These changes are flagged to the WBL Manager and cleared before questionnaire generation.

261、Additionally,the WBL Team reaches out to the DEC Data Privacy Office to ensure compliance with data processing regulations.All correspondence related to clearance and approval is stored in the appropriate folder on the shared drive.The Survey Team,composed of WBL Team members,supports the Topic Team

262、s in translating the questionnaires into multiple languages(Arabic,French,Russian,and Spanish)and designing the online questionnaires on the survey software.It also develops standardized communication documents that complement the questionnaires,verifies the accuracy of prepopulated information from

263、 previous cycles,and conducts questionnaire and distribution testing.The questionnaire generation process is carried out through the ngSurvey software,which is integral to designing,collecting,and conducting preliminary analysis of questionnaires.Additionally,ngSurvey is utilized for distributing co

264、mplementary email communications.It is seamlessly integrated with the other two major IT platforms used by the WBL TeamData Management System(DMS)and Contributor Relationship Management(CRM).DMS serves as the main repository for the WBL data,in particular the legal frameworks and supportive framewor

265、ks data collected during each WBL cycle,as well as the coding decisions made for each topic.In the questionnaire generation process,DMS is used to prepopulate online questionnaires with prior year economy-specific data,legal bases,or evidentiary support.CRM,managed through Microsoft Dynamics,serves

266、as the main repository for Expert Contributor information and it is also integrated into ngSurvey.In the questionnaire generation process,CRM is used to personalize the questionnaires and prepopulate them with experts contact information,to help validate with contributors whether this information is

267、 still accurate.CRM also plays a crucial role in batch distributing questionnaires.The Topic Leaders collaborate with the Survey Team to complete the required steps on DMS,CRM,and ngSurvey to generate questionnaires.The Survey Team provides guidance and cooperates with members of the Topic Team to r

268、igorously test the accuracy of the final questionnaires before distribution.Topic Leaders are responsible for ensuring the final questionnaire quality and testing any unique needs emerging from new research topics included on an ad hoc basis.Distribution is the process whereby the questionnaires are

269、 distributed to experts,which include partner organizations and government focal points.The Survey Team provides standardized email text for each distribution language,which are approved by the Topic Leaders,and then runs a test distribution for each language/topic.Topic Leaders must sign off on the

270、 tests and approve the distribution.The IT team,in conjunction with the CMT lead and Survey Team lead,distributes the questionnaires.This involves leveraging a mass distribution process to send personalized individual emails to each expert,by using CRM.Questionnaires are distributed from each Topic

271、Teams corresponding WBL shared account email address(WBLfamilyworldbank.org,WBLlaborworldbank.org,WBLvawworldbank.org).Following the distribution of questionnaires,two standardized survey reminders are distributed through CRM to experts to gently remind them of the deadline and ensure timely submiss

272、ion of their responses.One reminder is sent two weeks before the questionnaire submission deadline,and another is sent one week before the deadline.All written correspondence with experts must copy the shared email address corresponding to each Topic Team.The shared email inbox contains subfolders f

273、or each data collection cycle.Each data collection cycle subfolder is organized by economy so that emails can be stored systematically.The team also stores the information provided from experts(a PDF copy of Expert Contributors submitted questionnaire,PDFs of laws and other supporting evidence,email

274、ed answers)and any information collected via desk research in the designated folder on the secure folder structure assigned to the WBL Team,protected behind the World Banks firewall,and only accessible to current WBL Team members.The proper storage of data is essential for WBL data governance.It is

275、the responsibility of Analysts and Topic Leadersaccording to the distribution of economies assigned at the beginning of the cycleto store all the data received and used for coding.Typically,these documents are:Emails containing follow-up responses from Expert Contributors or governments.Emails are s

276、tored in the designated folder on the secure folder structure assigned to the WBL Team,protected behind the World Banks firewall,and only accessible to current WBL Team members.Attachments and supplemental information submitted by Expert Contributors.Experts often submit PDF copies of the applicable

277、 laws,regulations,and policy mechanisms in their economies or other forms of supplemental information.These are also saved in the designated folder on the secure folder structure assigned to the WBL Team,protected behind the World Banks firewall,and only accessible to current WBL team members,as wel

278、l as properly catalogued in the WBL Teams Law Library and Implementation Library.Government-provided information obtained through the teams interactions with external stakeholders.Information relevant for coding is saved in the designated folder on the secure folder structure assigned to the WBL Tea

279、m,protected behind the World Banks firewall,and only accessible to current WBL team members.If the documents are relevant for preparing engagements with governments,they can be saved in the corresponding folder designated by the Topic Leader.After Expert Contributors submit the questionnaires,the re

280、sponses relevant for legal frameworks and supportive frameworks questions are automatically extracted from ngSurvey and transferred to DMS for further analysis.Experts perception data(Enforcement Perceptions Pillar),however,are not extracted to DMS as their analysis follows a different process that

281、does not require validation.Instead,enforcement perceptions responses are exported to Stata after their manual download from ngSurvey in Excel format.To process Expert Contributor information,Analysts are responsible for reviewing the PDF copy of the Experts submitted questionnaire,identifying discr

282、epancies in contributor information compared to the previous cycle,noting their publishing preferences,and updating CRM accordingly.Each Topic Team must obtain copies of the primary laws,regulations,and policy mechanisms underpinning the coding of each data point for each economy.These sources are s

283、aved in accordance with the process described in the Law Library and Implementation Library section.As described in section 4.4,Completion of Questionnaires by Expert Contributors,every Topic Team must use reasonable efforts to obtain completed topic questionnaires from at least three or more Expert

284、 Contributors.This will ensure that at least three responses for each of the enforcement perceptions questions are collected.Preliminary data validation for the legal and supportive framework indicators can be started before this threshold is reached and it is based on analysis of the relevant law,r

285、egulation,or policy mechanism,accessed through desk research.The preliminary data are then validated through the comparison with the responses received from both private sector experts and governments,confirming that the relevant law,regulation,or policy mechanism is indeed the latest and no reforms

286、 have been recorded in the relevant period.If reforms or changes to the law or policy mechanism are identified,through desk research or reported by the government/expert(s),the relevant Topic Team will assess whether the new instrument meets the applicable methodology(as described in the Methodology

287、 Handbook)and validate the change with experts and against official sources.To collect accurate information,verify supporting evidence and to recruit Expert Contributors,the WBL Team may visit several countries per year.Historically,the team traveled to countries that were newly added to establish b

288、aseline data and recruit experts.When the team travels for other purposes,such as dissemination or conferences,the mission is extended to also carry out data verification and recruitment of experts.The team may also validate data with the government counterparts and present the economys data to inte

289、rested authorities.Selection criteria The WBL Team conducts data collection missions to economies where data collection missions will be most beneficial and based on budget.The relevant criteria used by Topic Teams include the number of responses previously received,the existing expert pool,data cha

290、llenges,ongoing reform programs,and the need to verify previously collected data.Consultations with CMUs Once selected,the WBL mission team members consult with the local Country Management Unit(CMU)to prepare the data collection mission.This consultation covers,among other topics,the dynamics of th

291、e data collection mission,mission dates,country clearance,expected engagements with government agencies to be held during the mission,expectations of the client,logistical assistance,and the source of funding.The team plans the mission accordingly and the local CMU clears the mission and the team me

292、mbers.Concurrent events and presentations Data collection meetings may also occur as the WBL Team is on mission to present and disseminate its findings in different economies.In such cases,the data collection mission can be supported financially either by WBL funding,a Region,a Global Practice(GP),o

293、r a CMU.The WBL mission team members research the Country Office home page in the intranet or call the CMU for any country-specific travel requirements at least two weeks before mission departure.Should there be any specific requests or requirements,the team members inform the WBL Manager.The missio

294、n team prepares the mission memorandum and any country-specific documents to be sent to the local CMUs in advance of the mission.The mission team members share with the Program Assistant the names of staff in the Country Office,CMU,and GP who need to be copied in the Statement of Mission Objectives(

295、SMO)and the dates of the mission.When a mission covers two or more countries,the dates in each country must be specified accordingly.Based on the information provided by the team members,the Program Assistant prepares and sends the draft notice to the WBL Manager and the Country Director or Country

296、Manager for review/clearance at least two weeks before the mission,as well as any country-specific documents that may be necessary(for example,the mission announcement letter to the government).For security reasons,the team members must send a copy of its itinerary to the Program Assistant before de

297、parting on mission.If this itinerary is modified during the trip,an updated version should also be shared.Topic Teams prepare a TR for each data collection mission economy.TRs contain the specific questions and data points that the team members need to focus on during the mission.Those documents sho

298、uld also include a list of potential Expert Contributors that the mission team should schedule meetings with and the minimum number of experts from which the travel team should collect information from during the mission.In principle and depending on mission priorities,TRs should not contain the ent

299、ire topic questionnaire and instead focus on key data points.Kickoff meeting At the beginning of the data collection mission,the WBL mission team members meet with the CMU to discuss the main purpose of the mission and the public agencies with which the team has scheduled meetings.The World Bank sta

300、ff in charge of private sector development reforms,the Country Director,Country Manager,or Resident Representative are usually present at this meeting.The CMU can also organize a second kickoff meeting with government officials present.Logistical assistance When necessary,WBL Team members may reques

301、t logistical assistance from the CMU during the mission.This assistance may be in the form of booking rental cars,organizing transportation to and from the airport,preparing meeting rooms at CMU offices,or arranging interpretation services.Additionally,the CMU may assist the team in scheduling meeti

302、ngs with public agencies.Depending on the local circumstances,WBL Team members can also request assistance to schedule meetings with the private sector.Wrap-up meeting At the end of the data collection mission and at the request of the CMU,WBL team members organize a wrap-up meeting to explain the k

303、ey mission highlights and the next steps.Government officials may take part in this meeting.The team does not share any information regarding the results of the mission,or the data collected.Public meetings protocol At the governments request,WBL team members may participate in a kickoff meeting wit

304、h high-level government officials(a minister,for example)or the team in charge of the reform committee of the economy.In these cases,the team meets with public agencies involved in each topic where information is collected(for example,gender equality agencies,tribunals,land registries,business regis

305、tries,municipalities,and so on),depending on the request of the Topic Teams.Public sector meetings are preferably scheduled at the beginning of the data collection mission.If the agenda allows it,all WBL Team members composing the data collection mission attend the public sector meetings.CMU staff a

306、nd staff from the World Bank Reform Advisory Team can be present during these meetings.Generally,public agencies present the reforms undertaken,if any,and the legislative agenda.Rules on gifts WBL Team abides by the rules set out in the Staff Rule 3.01,Standards of Professional Conduct.WBL Team memb

307、ers may not accept gifts,regardless of value,which could reasonably be perceived as intending to influence their work decisions,or that could cause reputational harm to the World Bank Group.WBL Team members may accept a gift under certain circumstances:if the gift is presented in a public forum and

308、refusal would cause offense or embarrassment to the giver,or the gift is directly associated with the demands of work(for example,working meals).In these cases,WBG staff may accept the gift on the WBGs behalf rather than in a personal capacity.If valued at more than US$100,the gift must be declared

309、and surrendered to the Asset Management Unit,Global Corporate Solutions(GCS).The cumulative value of all gifts from the same individual or entity cannot exceed US$100 in a 12-month period.Any personal benefit or value,such as free or discounted services,favors,entertainment,or hospitality(meals or a

310、ccommodations),are also considered gifts.WBL Team members can meet with public and private sector Expert Contributors that they consider relevant for the data collection.CMU staff,other World Bank colleagues,and public sector officials do not typically participate in meetings with private sector exp

311、erts.Should World Bank colleagues express an interest in participating in these meetings,the mission team should contact the mission manager,copying the WBL Manager,who would directly reach out to the relevant WBG Country Office to clarify the rules of engagement outlined in this Manual.Hospitality

312、with experts If an expert is particularly helpful,it is acceptable to invite the expert for a meal and cover their expenses.Having a professional lunch or dinner with one or more experts is an expense eligible for reimbursement.The event might happen either while one is on mission and needs addition

313、al information or when an expert is visiting the Washington,DC area.Before taking action,the staff must write to the WBL Manager requesting authorization to incur the expense.In an email,the staff should explain the rationale for the expense and provide the number of Expert Contributors they expect

314、to invite.Depending on the explanation,the WBL Manager can either approve or disapprove the expense or ask for more details and set an expense limit.Whether an expenditure was made on mission or not,when claiming reimbursement,in addition to an Excel file detailing basic informationthe name,city,and

315、 county of the restaurant;the host name;the number of participants;the date of the eventstaff must submit the following supporting documents:a list of the participants who were present at the event,including their title,agency,and contact details,the restaurant receipt with proof of payment,and the

316、WBL Managers email authorization.External Back-to-Office Report(BTOR)Upon the mission teams return,and no later than three weeks after completing the mission,the mission team sends a BTOR to the same recipients who received the upcoming mission notification.The BTOR states the main purposes of the m

317、ission,the key mission highlights,and the next steps.It also indicates each public sector agency met by the team during the mission.Before sending it out,the mission team requests the clearance and comments of the WBL Manager,and in some cases,the CMU/GP Manager.Internal back-to-office report The mi

318、ssion team also prepares an internal WBL BTOR and shares it with each Topic Team.The WBL BTOR is drafted for each topic based on the Travel Reports prepared by the Topic Teams.It contains the names and contact information of all experts met by the team members during the mission and their individual

319、 responses,as well as contextual information and the findings of the data collection mission.The WBL BTOR is intended for the exclusive use of DECWL staff and is not meant to be shared outside the unit without the WBL Managers clearance.The WBL BTOR,which is always saved on the teams shared network

320、drive in a designated folder,should be delivered to the team within three weeks of returning from a data collection mission.The WBL BTOR delivery deadline is agreed with the WBL Manager,depending on the scope or timing of the mission(earlier or later in the cycle).Updating CRM with new contact infor

321、mation The mission team is responsible for updating CRM with the contact information of newly recruited Expert Contributors.If they agree,they are recognized in the current cycles report and included on the distribution list for future questionnaires.Coding is the process whereby the WBL Team analyz

322、es the laws,regulations,and policy mechanisms of a given economy based on its rigorous methodology to answer and score the indicators in the WBL index,based on responses received through the topic questionnaires.All answers are validated against documentary evidence in the form of codified laws and

323、regulations,and evidence of policy mechanisms.Responses from experts are analyzed in conjunction with these sources and other relevant secondary sources to ensure accuracy.The coding process is carried out in the Data Management System(DMS).The WBL Team uses a custom-built Data Management System to

324、code and store its data.DMS is designed to ensure:Data confidentiality.The system is accessible online only when connected to the World Banks network and requires a username and password to sign in.Access is granted individually by a Product Administrator(DMS Focal Point),who creates profiles for us

325、ers with designated roles(such as Analyst,Topic Leader,product manager,guest)and grants access only to the topics they are assigned to work on.Efficient processing of information.DMS,which is integrated with ngSurvey,allows users to compare answers from the last cycle of data collection with experts

326、 responses to each question included in the questionnaire.A log/record of data changes.Any changes in data are recorded with the date and the name of users who made the change to ensure traceability.All corrections and reforms are flagged.DMS requires an extensive justification for any change to ind

327、icator-level data points.If a justification is not provided,DMS will prevent the data from being submitted for the next level of review.Efficient reporting of data,corrections,and reforms.A number of Excel reports can be downloaded,to compile lists of corrections,reforms,or historical data.Data can

328、also be downloaded to Excel from DMS for individual or multiple cycles.Multilevel review processes(see section 8,Data Management,Analysis,and Review for more details).The coding platform is set up with three layers of review,to be completed in the first instance by the Topic Leader,followed by the D

329、ata Reviewer,and lastly by the WBL Manager.Protection and storage of data.All historical data are“locked”in DMS,meaning they cannot be altered by a user unless a correction is entered in the system,with an accompanying justification.Current cycle data are locked at each level of review unless they a

330、re rejected or recalled from review.Before coding,each Topic Team prepares a coding sheet following the structure of the questionnaire,in line with the Methodology Handbook and built on the coding template provided by the IT team.The Topic Team then codes values for answers,legal bases,URLs,and comm

331、ents in DMS by reviewing the applicable legal instruments and policy mechanisms.These values are cross-checked with experts answers and other secondary sources to ensure accuracy.WBL coordinates closely with the IT team to monitor the functioning of the DMS system,test and implement enhancements tha

332、t further strengthen the points listed above and keep up to date with the technology developments in the field.The WBL Law Library encompasses a comprehensive collection of legal instruments for 190 economies,including laws,decrees,regulations,and court decisions that establish the legal framework f

333、or addressing WBL legal framework questions.The Implementation Library consists of non-legal documents such as national plans,policies,strategies,guidelines,and procedures that support the WBL supportive framework questions.These libraries serve as valuable resources for WBL Analysts seeking information and guidance on legal bases and supporting evidence.During each data collection and coding cycl