凯捷（Capgemini）：面向可持续未来的循环经济展望报告（英文版）（64页）.pdf

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1、How organizations can empower consumers and transition to a circular economy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The circular economy, which aims to move economic and production processes away from linear take-make-waste to more circular and regenerative processes, can significantly contribute to sustainable developm

2、ent and reduce the pressure on finite resources. In this report, we look at consumer awareness, behaviors, expectations, and roadblocks as they relate to the circular economy. Consumer awareness about the problem of waste is high and consumers are keen to adopt mindful practices such as reducing con

3、sumption, reusing and keeping products in use for longer, and recycling. They are also keen to support organizations that engage in circular practices and are willing to reward such companies while simultaneously adopting certain circular practices themselves, most of which are limited to the post-u

4、se phase of the product lifecycle (segregating waste, giving away/ donating products, etc.). However, consumers face significant motivational and practical roadblocks to adopting circular practices. For instance, we found marked reticence to renting or leasing products. Consumers also face roadblock

5、s related to cost, convenience, access, and lack of information which prevent them from taking circular actions. Consumer products and retail as well as automotive companies must therefore do more not only to encourage and enable consumers to practice circularity, but also to manage their own operat

6、ions through a circular lens. Today, while most consumers expect organizations to take steps towards circularity, many feel that organizations are not doing enough to those ends. Moreover, organizations, in their own maturity assessment towards circular practices, reveal that they have not invested

7、adequately in circular initiatives within their value chain. Our findings identify the necessary and urgent actions organizations must take to enable the circular economy. Organizations must radically rethink their business models to define alternative revenue channels that are not solely driven by

8、product sales while also embracing circular design principles in their production processes. Organizations should also rethink their value chains and try to “close the loop” wherever possible through greater collaboration within their ecosystem as well as externally with governments, academics, thin

9、k tanks, etc. In addition, organizations must continue to leverage emerging technologies such as internet of things (IoT), blockchain, and AI, which can significantly aid in tracking and tracing product and material flows within their supply chains, while building the organizational foundations for

10、a circular mindset through skill building and culture change for employees, greater governance, and leadership accountability. Lastly, companies must continue to encourage greater consumer adoption of circularity by providing more information, building trust and awareness, and shifting consumer mind

11、sets. In the long term, the circular economy stands to benefit organizations, consumers, the environment and society at large and it is imperative that companies take actions today to enable it. 2Circular economy for a sustainable future INTRO DUCTION More than 100 billion tons of resources enter th

12、e economy every year everything from metals, minerals, and fossil fuels to organic materials derived from plants and animals. However, less than 10% of these resources are ever recycled. Use of resources has tripled since 1970 and is set to double again by 2050. If this continues, we will need the r

13、esources of an extra planet to support our current usage sustainably.1 Getting access to raw materials is becoming increasingly difficult and organizations already face supply chain issues with rising container prices and increased costs of transportation, all of which are destined to increase if cu

14、rrent production processes remain in place. The increasing demand for critical raw materials destabilizes prices and markets, and increases the risk of supply rupture. This is fundamentally unsustainable and imperils countries development and production processes.2 The European Union has identified

15、the circular economy as a pivotal strategy to address material criticality issues.3 Not only does the overuse of finite resources lead to their depletion and damage to the natural world, but rampant consumption is exacerbating the devastating effects of climate change. The atmospheric levels of CO2

16、are today at their highest point in hundreds of thousands of years.4 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2021 report, in no uncertain terms, urgently calls for greater efforts to mitigate the wide-ranging impacts of climate change.5 A study from the Ellen MacArthur Foundation sugges

17、ts that efforts to combat climate change have thus far focused mainly on the critical role of renewable energy and energy-efficiency measures. However, meeting climate targets also requires tackling emissions associated with production; those that arise from the management of land, construction, foo

18、d production, and the manufacture of vehicles, electronic products, clothes, packaging, and other goods we use every day. The circular economy concept offers a systemic, cost-effective approach to tackling this challenge.6 It is more urgent than ever, therefore, to shift from linear, “take-make-wast

19、e” models to a “closed loop” circular economy, where waste and pollution are minimized; products and materials are kept in use for longer; and natural systems are allowed to regenerate. As Alejandra Vazquez Langle, global sustainability director at Grupo Bimbo, a Mexican food-processing multinationa

20、l, comments: “We need to balance the needs we have for raw materials and resources in the industry with the impacts we have as an industry, and circularity is critical to this balance. Reduction in use of raw materials and water and other resources will reduce our environmental footprint and also cr

21、eate economic opportunities with reduced raw- materials costs and greater reuse. At Grupo Bimbo, as of 2020, we have been able to shift 90% of our packaging to be recyclable, 91% of our total operational waste is recycled, reused 82% of treated water in general services and we have been able to redu

22、ce the use of plastic by more than 290,000 kgs in 2020. We believe that sustainability is part of the business and helps us achieve our purpose of nourishing a better world.” 3 Understanding the circular economy The Ellen MacArthur Foundation defines the circular economy as “a systemic approach to e

23、conomic development designed to benefit businesses, society, and the environment.” In contrast to the “take-make-waste” linear model, a circular economy is regenerative by design and aims to gradually decouple growth from the consumption of finite resources.7 Examples of circular economy practices i

24、nclude reducing purchases, buying products that are recyclable or made with recycled materials, buying used or refurbished products instead of brand-new ones, repairing and reusing products instead of replacing them, and recycling products instead of throwing them away. Source: Ellen MacArthur Found

25、ation. Figure 1 Defining circular economy Design out waste and pollution Keep products and materials in use Regenerate natural systems For a circular economy, it is essential to recycle materials from waste in order to “close the loop.” The recovery of energy from waste also plays an important role.

26、 Waste disposal should be phased out and, where it is unavoidable, it must be adequately controlled to be safe for human health and the environment. A circular economy favors activities that preserve value in the form of energy, labor, and materials. This means designing for durability, reuse, reman

27、ufacturing, and recycling to keep products, components, and materials circulating in the economy. A circular economy avoids the use of non-renewable resources and preserves or enhances renewable ones, for instance by returning valuable nutrients to the soil to support regeneration or using renewable

28、 energy as opposed to relying on fossil fuels. 4Circular economy for a sustainable future The Ellen MacArthur Foundations circular economy model distinguishes between biological and technical cycles: In biological cycles, food and biologically based materials (e.g., cotton or wood) feed back into th

29、e system through processes such as composting and anaerobic digestion. These cycles regenerate living systems (e.g., soil), which provide renewable resources for the economy. Technical cycles recover and restore products, components, and materials through strategies including reuse, repair, remanufa

30、cture, or (as a last resort) recycling.8 A circular economy framework encompasses many stages and processes. The primary ones are highlighted below; something we also highlighted in our sustainability in consumer products and retail research.9 The below figure highlights the broad framework that can

31、 help organizations understand and assess their current impact and identify opportunities to embrace circular economy principles. Source: Ellen MacArthur Foundation. Figure 2 Framework for enabling a circular economy Repair/renovate Repair/renovate partially damaged goods instead of discarding them

32、can help in keeping products in use for longer. Organiza- tions can create products that are repairable. Refurbish/ remanufacture Organizations and/or consumers can restore products to their original functionality Reduce Consumers can reduce the purchase of products and reconsider consump- tion patt

33、erns. Businesses can reduce raw material usage and design products for greater durability, repairability and recyclability. Return/recover Organizations must plan for return/recovery of products, materials and packaging from their manufacturing ecosystems as well as consumers. Reuse Sharing, renting

34、, leasing products and buying second-hand products can help greater reuse of products and keep them in use longer Recycle At the end of use of a product, consumers should be able to either recycle materials themselves or return them to recycling facilities for products/ma- terials to be directed bac

35、k into the production cycle Redesign Organizations can design products in such a way that they can be remanufactured 5 The circular economy is clearly beneficial to sustainability efforts, but it also offers economic benefits to organizations. At Dutch multinational Philips, green products and solut

36、ions contributed 71% of total revenue in 2020, while 15% came from circular economy products and solutions. Revenue in these two areas has been growing significantly in recent years, with an increase of 6% from 2019 for green products and 15% for circular products and solutions (circular products ar

37、e those that meet specific circular economy requirements).10 According to the European Commission, greater efficiency throughout the supply chain could reduce the need for new raw materials by up to 24% by 2030, with annual savings for European industry estimated at 630 billion.11 Wulf-Peter Schmidt

38、, director of sustainability, advanced regulations and product conformity, Europe at Ford, agrees with this principle: “Of course, there are all sorts of environmental benefits linked to the circular model. But, economically as well, the use of secondary materials brings benefits in terms of reduced

39、 use of resources thereby reducing market and supply pressures.” It is clear that the opportunity for investment in the circular economy is huge; many financial companies and investors have already recognized this. As Anna Tari, president and CEO of the Circular Economy Institute, comments: “Large g

40、lobal companies now have to share their ESG targets and timelines with shareholders and other stakeholders, just as they would release their financial results. In this light, the market, both from the consumer-demand side and from the shareholder side, is systemically demanding that companies become

41、 sustainable and circular. This is a transition to an entirely new economic model and a shift that everyone is invited to join. Those missing out on this opportunity will likely face economic hardship and will probably not be as competitive.” Moreover, consumers are increasingly demanding more susta

42、inable practices from the brands with which they interact, and expect to see positive outcomes for the planet through their purchases. As our study on sustainability in consumer products and retail suggests, nearly 80% of consumers want to contribute to saving the planet for future generations. Cons

43、umers have a significant role to play in enabling circularity for organizations with their purchase, use, and post-use decisions. To understand consumer awareness, demands, and behaviors as they relate to circularity practices for major consumer- facing industries, and to understand what organizatio

44、ns can and should do to promote greater circularity, we conducted an extensive study, including: A survey of nearly 8,000 consumers across the US, the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, India, China, Japan, Australia, and Singapore covering major consumer-facing indu

45、stries such as automotive, consumer products, and retail (including food, personal- and household-care products, fashion and clothing, furniture, consumer electronics, and white goods). In-depth interviews with academics, industry experts, startups, and think tanks that work in the field of circular

46、 economy (more details on the research methodology are available at the end of the report). Drawing on this extensive research, our report focuses on a few key themes: The awareness and behaviors of consumers around circular practices The roadblocks to greater consumer adoption of circularity Consum

47、er perception of organizational lack of action on circular initiatives Steps organizations can take to transition to a circular economy model. “ We need to balance the needs we have for raw materials and resources in the industry with the impacts we have as an industry, and circularity is critical t

48、o this balance. Reduction in use of raw materials and water and other resources will reduce our environmental footprint and also create economic opportunities with reduced raw-materials costs and greater reuse. At Grupo Bimbo, as of 2020, we have been able to shift 90% of our packaging to be recycla

49、ble, 91% of our total operational waste is recycled, reused 82% of treated water in general services and we have been able to reduce the use of plastic by more than 290,000 kgs in 2020. We believe that sustainability is part of the business and helps us achieve our purpose of nourishing a better wor

50、ld.” ALEJANDRA VAZQUEZ LANGLE Global sustainability director, Grupo Bimbo 6Circular economy for a sustainable future “ Of course, there are all sorts of environmental benefits linked to the circular model. But, economically as well, the use of secondary materials brings benefits in terms of reduced