美国信息技术与创新委员会：与中国竞争：战略框架（英文版）(26页).pdf

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1、 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY China is over 20 percent of Boeings commercial revenue. One could easily list more Western firms that are doing well in China, and are understandably not always excited about decoupling. In contrast, only four industry sectorsTraditional Manufacturing, IT, Defense, and nation

2、al governmentscurrently see China as primarily a competitor. The first three of these involve the manufacturing of products, which explains why INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY just 27mostly in Europe and the Five Eyes nationshave spoken out against it. Should China rival U.S. military power, these divisions

3、could easily harden. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Customer-Driven IT (Harvard Business School Press, 2003); and Waves of PowerThe Dynamics of Global Technology Leadership (Amacom,1997). Previously, he was head of worldwide research for International Data Corporation (IDC), the largest market analysis firm

4、 in the IT industry. Robert D. Atkinson is the founder and president of ITIF. Atkinsons books include: Big Is Beautiful: Debunking the Myth of Small Business (MIT, 2018), Innovation Economics: The Race for Global Advantage (Yale, 2012), and The Past and Future of Americas Economy: Long Waves of Inno

5、vation That Power Cycles of Growth (Edward Elgar, 2005). Atkinson holds a Ph.D. in city and regional planning from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and a masters degree in urban and regional planning from the University of Oregon. About ITIF The Information Technology and Innovation Fo

6、undation (ITIF) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan research and educational institute focusing on the intersection of technological innovation and public policy. Recognized as the worlds leading science and technology think tank, ITIFs mission is to formulate and promote policy solutions that accelerate in

7、novation and boost productivity to spur growth, opportunity, and progress. For more information, visit us at www.itif.org. About Leading Edge Forum Leading Edge Forum (LEF) helps clients challenge conventional assumptions with original, future-focused thinking. LEFs program of progressive research a

8、nd thought leadership, nextpractice advisory interventions, and immersive events augment clients capabilities for horizonscanning and sense-making and helps some of the worlds leading organizations accelerate the business outcomes of technology-enabled change. LEF is a business unit of DXC Technolog

9、y. For more information, please visit . INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION FOUNDATION | AUGUST 2020 PAGE 23 ENDNOTES 1. Simon Wardley and David Moschella, “Clash of the Titans: Can China Dethrone Silicon Valley?” (Leading Edge Forum, January 13, 2016), titans-can-china-dethrone-silicon-valley/. 2.

10、In this paper, we use the term “the West” broadly to include not just Europe, the United States, and Latin America, but also Japan, Australia, and other countries that are closely aligned with Western values and interests. 3. Robert D. Atkinson, “Innovation policy making in a federalist system: Less

11、ons from the states for U.S. federal innovation policy making,” Research Policy, vol 20, iss 6, (1991): 559-577, 4. Americas National Basketball Association (NBA) essentially had to apologize after one of its team owners tweeted his solidarity with the Hong Kong protestors, as did Mercedes-Benz afte

12、r one of its car advertisements included a quote from the Dalai Lama. 5. Gregory Scruggs, “Microsoft president talks tech Cold War with China, which accounts for 2% of companys revenue,” GeekWire, January 15, 2020, president-brad-smith-tech-cold-war-u-s-china-relations/. 6. Diona Chiacu et al., “Whi

13、te House adviser Navarro suggests Microsoft divest China holdings,” Reuters, August 3, 2020, navarro-suggests-microsoft-divest-china-holdings-idUSKBN24Z1SM. 7. There are 1,300 U.S. companies employing some 100,000 people operating in Hong Kong. 8. Robert D. Atkinson, “The Case for a National Industr

14、ial Strategy to Counter Chinas Technological Rise” (ITIF, April 2020), https:/itif.org/publications/2020/04/13/case-national-industrial-strategy- counter-chinas-technological-rise. 9. To see how this played out in the telecom equipment industry, see Robert D. Atkinson, “How Chinas Mercantilist Polic

15、ies Have Undermined Global Innovation in the Telecom Equipment Industry” (ITIF, June 2020), https:/itif.org/publications/2020/06/22/how-chinas-mercantilist-policies-have- undermined-global-innovation-telecom. 10. We stress again that these are the situations today, and this could easily change, espe

16、cially in the competitive column, wherein China hopes to be a major player in many more sectors. 11. There is also the manufacturing of products within “non-manufacturing” sectors such as health care (drugs) and retail (house brands). 12. Singapore and Japan have also recently banned Huawei 5G, as h

17、as France less formally. 13. See video at “U.S. AG Barr accuses Hollywood, Big Tech of collaborating with China” YouTube Video, 14. Michael R. Pompeo, “Communist China and the Free Worlds Future” (speech, Yorba Linda, California, July 23, 2020), U.S. Department of State, https:/www.state.gov/communi

18、st-china-and- the-free-worlds-future/. 15. Most obviously, Facebook, Google search, and Twitter, are essentially banned or blocked. 16. The Made in China initiative seeks to achieve technology self-reliance by 2025. 17. Robert Atkinson and Jonathan Ward, “Ward and Atkinson: Amid US-China trade battl

19、e, here is how America can remain the worlds strongest economy,” Fox Business, November 15, 2019, remain-worlds-strongest-economy. 18. Robert D. Atkinson, “Chinas Biopharmaceutical Strategy: Challenge or Complement to U.S. Industry Competitiveness?” (ITIF, August 2019), https:/itif.org/publications/

20、2019/08/12/chinas- biopharmaceutical-strategy-challenge-or-complement-us-industry. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION FOUNDATION | AUGUST 2020 PAGE 24 19. For discussion, see Robert Atkinson and Stephen Ezell, Innovation Economics: the Race for Global Advantage (Yale University Press, 2011). 20. J.

21、 Michael Cole, “5 Futuristic (And Terrifying) Weapons That Could Change Warfare Forever,” The National Interest, March 25, 2018, https:/nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/5-futuristic-terrifying- weapons-could-change-warfare-forever-25076. 21. “China to dominate nuclear power as Beijing bets on home

22、grown reactors,” The Japan times, June 2, 2020, https:/www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/06/02/business/china-nuclear-power-homegrown- reactors/. 22. Robert D. Atkinson, “Chinas Biopharmaceutical Strategy: Challenge or Complement to U.S. Industry Competitiveness?” (ITIF, August 2020), https:/itif.org/p

23、ublications/2019/08/12/chinas- biopharmaceutical-strategy-challenge-or-complement-us-industry. 23. Stephen Ezell and Caleb Foote, “Global Trade Interdependence: U.S. Trade Linkages With Korea, Mexico, and Taiwan” (ITIF, June 2019), https:/itif.org/publications/2019/06/25/global-trade- interdependenc

24、e-us-trade-linkages-korea-mexico-and-taiwan. 24. For more on this, just Google “China De-IOE.” 25. Sarah Dei, “Chinese memory chip maker Fujian Jinhua says theres been no stealing of technology amid US export ban,” South China Morning Post, November 5, 2018, been-no-stealing-technology. 26. Robert D

25、. Atkinson and Caleb Foote, “U.S. Funding for University Research Continues to Slide” (ITIF, October 2019), https:/itif.org/publications/2019/10/21/us-funding-university-research- continues-slide. 27. Stephen Ezell, “New Legislation Required to Secure U.S. Semiconductor Leadership” (ITIF, June 2020)

26、, https:/itif.org/publications/2020/06/30/new-legislation-required-secure-us-semiconductor- leadership. 28. Robert Atkinson, “Moving the Chains,” American Compass, June 8, 2020, https:/americancompass.org/essays/on-tax-incentives/ 29. Robert D. Atkinson, and Stephen Ezell, “A 10-Point User Guide to

27、the Trump Tariff Wars” (ITIF, July 2018), https:/itif.org/publications/2018/07/05/10-point-user-guide-trump-tariff-wars. 30. Kurt Wagner, “Google, Facebook, Microsoft Pause Hong Kong Data Requests,” Bloomberg, July 7, 2020, government-requests-for-data. 31. Robert D. Atkinson and Clyde Prestowitz, “

28、Chinas Reaction to the Pandemic Shows Why the U.S. and Its Allies Need a NATO for Trade” (ITIF, May 2020), https:/itif.org/publications/2020/05/21/chinas-reaction-pandemic-shows-why-us-and-its-allies-need- nato-trade. 32. Stephen Ezell, “New Legislation Required to Secure U.S. Semiconductor Leadersh

29、ip” (ITIF, June 2020), https:/itif.org/publications/2020/06/30/new-legislation-required-secure-us-semiconductor- leadership. 33. Robert D. Atkinson and David Moschella, “The Enterprise Automation ImperativeWhy Modern Societies Will Need All the Productivity They Can Get” (ITIF, November 2019), https

30、:/itif.org/publications/2019/11/12/enterprise-automation-imperative-why-modern-societies-will- need-all. 34. Chinas strategic moves in rare earth minerals are an excellent example of effective bottom-up thinking. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION FOUNDATION | AUGUST 2020 PAGE 25 35. Students of As

31、ian economic development will know that Singapores first Prime Minister, Lee Kwan Yew, is the person most associated with using a strong central state to modernize previously impoverished societies. 36. ITIF Event, “Spreading Tech Hubs to More of America: A Proposal” (ITIF, December 11, 2019), https

32、:/itif.org/events/2019/12/11/spreading-tech-hubs-more-america-proposal. 37. Taiwan is not widely recognized as an independent country, and it is not in the United Nations. 38. Robert Atkinson, “How Chinas Mercantilist Policies Have Undermined Global Innovation in the Telecom Equipment Industry” (ITIF, June 2020), https:/itif.org/publications/2020/06/22/how- chinas-mercantilist-policies-have-undermined-global-innovation-telecom.