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1、 2024 Boston Consulting Group1Large capital projects are inherently complex and risky because they typically entail substantialfinancial investments,extended timelines,and intricate coordination among stakeholders.Thecomplexities are amplified in projects that involve emerging decarbonization techno

2、logiessuch asthose in the power-to-X(PtX),green steel,and green cement sectors.A Faster,Smarter Way toDevelop Large Green ProjectsSEPTEMBER 30,2024 By Lucas Chaumontet,Cornelius Pieper,Amine Benayad,MartaGuzzafame,Nicole Voigt,and Alice IavaroneREADING TIME:12 MIN 2024 Boston Consulting Group2These

3、large green projects are critical to achieving global decarbonization goals and are poised tobecome major sources of competitive advantage.But their economic viability remains uncertain.Forinstance,green initiatives oen rely on emerging technologies that have not yet been proved at scaleand require

4、new types of infrastructure.They also must comply with diverse and evolvingenvironmental regulations in different regions.(See“Green Projects Amplify Complexity andUncertainty.”)The complexities of large capital projects mean that any delay or disruption in onepart of the effort can have cascading e

5、ffects on the entire timeline and budget.As aresult,even large projects in mature industries may encounter significant cost andschedule overruns:for example,oil and gas initiatives can experience up to 120%incost overruns,while new nuclear power projects might see up to a staggering 400%inoverruns.T

6、he complexities are amplified in large green projects because scaling up operationsmust be synchronized with the adoption of oen-untested technologies.From amongmore than 600 large capital projects we have supported across diverse sectors overthe past five years,we have analyzed the challenges and l