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1、NATIONAL SCIENCE BOARDSCIENCE&ENGINEERING INDICATORS 2024R&DAcademic Research and DevelopmentNSB-2023-26October 05,2023This publication is part of the 2024 edition of the Science and Engineering Indicators(Indicators)suite of reports.Indicators is prepared under the guidance of the National Science

2、Board by the National Science Foundations National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics.The Indicators suite consists of a summary report called The State of U.S.Science and Engineering,more-detailed thematic reports with supporting data,and a data tool that provides state-level indicators.

3、National Science Board|Science&Engineering Indicators|NSB-2023-262National Science Board|Science&Engineering Indicators|NSB-2023-263Table of Contents 7Executive Summary 9Introduction 10Academic R&D in the U.S.R&D Enterprise 12Academic R&D:International Comparisons 14Funding Sources of Academic R&D 1

4、7Patterns of Academic R&D Spending 17Spending,by Type of R&D 19Spending,by Type of Institution 23Spending at Minority-Serving Institutions 24Geographic Distribution of Academic R&D Spending,by State 25Academic R&D Spending,by Field 30Infrastructure for Academic R&D 30Research Facilities 31Research E

5、quipment 32Human Resources and Academic R&D 32Academic Employment 36Financial Support for S&E Graduate Students and Postdocs 40Financial Support for S&E Graduate Students and Postdocs,by Source 45Conclusion 46Glossary 46Definitions 46Key to Acronyms and Abbreviations 48References 50Notes 53Correctio

6、nsNational Science Board|Science&Engineering Indicators|NSB-2023-264 54Acknowledgments and Citation 54Acknowledgments 54Citation 55Contact Us 55Report Authors 55NCSESList of TablesURD-1 15 Federal agency support of academic R&D spending:FYs 2012,2017,and 2021URD-2 19 Top 30 institutions,ranked by R&