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1、The rise of national quantum strategiesPhoto by Briana FlosiKearney,ChicagoSeveral countries,including the United States,United Kingdom,France,Netherlands,and Germany,have already recognized the value of quantum technologies and developed national strategies to drive research and innovation.To fully

2、 capitalize on opportunities in the post-quantum era,countries now need strategies that exploit their strengths and lay out how they can best approach quantum technologies and seize new opportunities.For example,the US focuses on continued leadership in quantum information science,while the Netherla

3、nds strives to become a world-leading center and hub for quantum technology generally.Germany aims to develop a competitive quantum computer within five years.Industry and defense also play a vital role in developing quantum technologies.Companies such as IBM and Microsoft are developing quantum com

4、puters,while defense-focused firms such as Lockheed Martin and BAE Systems are exploring applications such as positioning and sensing.Given their relevance to national security and their in-house research capabilities,defense organizations are involved in the national quantum strategy in most countr

5、ies.Many nations have also entered into bilateral and multilateral agreements and strategic partnerships with the private sector to collaborate on quantum research and development.For example,in 2021 IBM unveiled its first quantum computer outside the United States(in Germany),and in September 2021,

6、France and the Netherlands signed a memorandum of understanding to collaborate and find synergies in quantum R&D.The possibilities of quantum science continue to disrupt the status quo and are transforming every aspect of our world,from human health and the environment to the economy and defense.To