全球汽车供应链：区域枢纽、挑战与应对.pdf

1、 _ 2025/SOM3/AD/024 Agenda Item:08.2 Global Automotive Supply Chains:Regional Hubs,Challenges,Response Purpose:Information Submitted by:United States 42nd Automotive Dialogue Incheon,Korea 1-2 August 2025 Global Automotive Supply ChainsAugust 2,2025 Incheon,South KoreaAmerican Automotive Policy Coun

2、cilRegional Hubs,Challenges,ResponseOverview of Global Auto Supply ChainsGlobal Supply Chain HubsWith regards to the automotive industry,globally,there are three major manufacturing supply chains:North America(NA),anchored by the U.S.Europe,anchored by the Germans Asia historically anchored by Japan

3、/Korea but increasingly by ChinaEach are remarkably independent,especially given the global nature of the automotive marketplace.What makes them successful is that they each bring a mix of economies-some with advanced manufacturing/technologies and know-how,and some that provide low-cost manufacturi

4、ng capabilities.2Regional HubsThe Worlds Three Major Automotive Supply ChainsRegionKey Economies Anchors&Low CostMain CharacteristicsNorth AmericaUnited States,Mexico,and CanadaDeep integration via USMCA,free flow cross-border manufacturing and parts flow.Based on trade agreement,with high RVCEurope

5、Germany,France,Italy,Spain,Eastern Europe(Czechia,Poland,Romania,etc.)&TurkeyStrong regulatory framework under EU,focus on emissions,safety,and green transition.Trade agreements(EU and External-free flow of goodsAsiaChina,Japan,Republic of Korea,India,Thailand and ASEANExport-heavy,vertically integr

6、ated,and fragmented-dominated by national champions or OEM-centric(Toyota,Hyundai,BYD,etc.)3USMCAThe North American(NA)region has been steadily integrating its economies through preferential trade agreements starting in the mid-1960s with U.S.and Canada-and then adding Mexico in the mid-1990s throug