icct：2024年迈向更环保更可持续的货运铁路中美铁路货运系统和服务的对比研究报告（英文版）（38页）.pdf

1、Toward greener and more sustainable freight railComparing freight rail systems and services in the United States and ChinaZHENYING SHAO,TIANLIN NIU,JUNHENG YANJUNE 2024iiICCT REPORT|TOWARD GREENER AND MORE SUSTAINABLE FREIGHT RAILEXECUTIVE SUMMARYChina has invested in modal shift strategiesincluding

2、 road-to-railway and road-to-waterwayto address the countrys heavy reliance on road shipping along with growing freight activity.As shown by previous ICCT analysis,there is significant potential for Chinas rail system to be the backbone of freight activity.This report reveals the opportunities and c

3、hallenges facing Chinas freight railway in better accommodating the shipping needs of various products,based on a comparison with the freight railway in the United States.The U.S.rail system,comprised primarily of six privately owned Class I railroad companies,has adapted to become a more efficient

4、and effective freight system.Railway activityin terms of ton-miles of freight hauledhas increased over 2.5 times in the past 60 years,even though the track length has been reduced by about half.This is reflective of a more efficient network.At the same time,the average hauling length has increased,i

5、ndicating the critical role of U.S.railway in long-distance shipping.The number of locomotives and freight cars in operation has also decreased while accommodating increased freight activity,indicating higher weight loads on each train.The system has adapted service to meet the decreasing need for s

6、hipping bulk products and the increasing demand for intermodal shipping.In addition,the U.S.rail system is required to report its operational and economic information regularly to enable close tracking of performance.China Railway,a government-owned enterprise,has experienced rapid growth in recent