世界经济论坛：2020年度十大新兴技术 （英文版）（26页）.pdf

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1、Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 2020 S P E C I A L R E P O R T N O V E M B E R 2 0 2 0 Contents Introduction 1 Microneedles for Painless Injections and Tests 2 Sun-Powered Chemistry 3 Virtual Patients 4 Spatial Computing 5 Digital Medicine 6 Electric Aviation 7 Lower-Carbon Cement 8 Quantum Sensing

2、9 Green Hydrogen 10 Whole-Genome Synthesis Acknowledgements 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Illustrations: Vanessa Branchi 2020 World Economic Forum. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, o

3、r by any information storage and retrieval system. Top 10 Emerging Technologies of 20202 Introduction If some of the many thousands of human volunteers needed to test coronavirus vaccines could have been replaced by digital replicas one of this years Top 10 Emerging Technologies COVID-19 vaccines mi

4、ght have been developed even faster, saving untold lives. Soon virtual clinical trials could be a reality for testing new vaccines and therapies. Other technologies on the list could reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by electrifying air travel and enabling sunlight to directly power the producti

5、on of industrial chemicals. With “spatial” computing, the digital and physical worlds will be integrated in ways that go beyond the feats of virtual reality. And ultrasensitive sensors that exploit quantum processes will set the stage for such applications as wearable brain scanners and vehicles tha

6、t can see around corners. These and the other emerging technologies have been singled out by an international steering group of experts. The group, convened by Scientific American and the World Economic Forum, sifted through more than 75 nominations. To win the nod, the technologies must have the po