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麦肯锡:2026智能体、机器人与人类:AI 如何重塑欧洲的工作与技能研究报告(中译版)(86页).pdf

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1、Agents,robots,and usHow AI reshapes work and skills in EuropeMay 2026AuthorsSylvain Johansson Anu Madgavkar Ulf Schrader Mara Jess Ramrez Xavier RigbyCopyright 2026 McKinsey&Company.All rights reserved.Cover image:onuma Inthapong/Getty Images.Confidential and proprietary.Any use of this material wit

2、hout specific permission of McKinsey&Company is strictly prohibited.Agents,robots,and us:How AI reshapes work and skills in EuropeMcKinsey Global InstituteThe McKinsey Global Institute was established in 1990.Our mission is to provide a fact base to aid decision making on the economic and business i

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5、f goods,services,people,capital,and ideas shapeeconomies Technologies and markets of the future:Discussing the next big arenas of value and competition We aim for independent and fact-based research.None of our work is commissioned or funded by any business,government,or other institution;we share o

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1. **自动化潜力与经济价值**:欧洲58%的工作时理论上可通过现有技术自动化(44%由智能代理、14%由机器人),至2030年或可解锁1.9万亿美元经济价值,但实际规模取决于技术采纳速度。 2. **工作模式转型**:未来工作将形成“人-代理-机器人”协作模式,31%就业属“人本型”(如医疗、管理),27%为“混合型”(如销售、维修),42%可能转向“AI主导型”(如会计、操作员)。 3. **技能需求变化**:75%的现有技能同时适用于可自动化与不可自动化任务,将与AI协作而非被取代;AI相关技能需求自2023年增长5倍,其中“AI fluency”(使用管理AI)增速快于技术技能。 4. **国家差异**:瑞典(27%)、英国(21%)等AI技能需求领先,捷克自动化潜力(64%)较高但AI技能增长较慢;制造业在德、意等国经济价值占比突出。
AI如何重塑欧洲工作? 自动化潜力有多大? 技能如何适应AI时代?
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