您的当前位置：首页 > 行业数据 > 2001年以来美元在国际储备货币中的占比持续走低

2001年以来美元在国际储备货币中的占比持续走低

行业数据

下载图片

原图定位

同报告图片

/ 4

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

所属报告：

贸易、经济及货币秩序的影响拆解：美国贸易战的历史镜像-250521（22页）.pdf

打包全文图表

从中长期趋势来看，“去美元化”仍在缓慢进行中，但目前美元的主导地位依然难以动摇。其一，大宗商品领域去美元化迹象明显。2016 年伊朗宣布石油出口停止使用美元结算，2017 年委内瑞拉不再接受美元付款，开始用人民币计价石油，2022 年俄乌冲突下俄罗斯为应对欧美经济制裁，使用卢布支付石油和天然气出口费用，2023 年伊拉克宣布将允许与中国的贸易直接以人民币结算。由于美国频繁使用金融制裁，石油的计价货币逐渐向多元化发展。其二，新的支付系统正迅速发展。2024 年，人民币跨境支付系统（CIPS）累计处理跨境人民币支付业务金额 175 万亿元，2022 年至 2024 年，CIPS 业务笔数和金额的复合增长率分别达到 35%和 30%，伊朗和俄罗斯正在考虑联合在市场上发行了一种以黄金为支撑的稳定币，2022 年 9 月，多边央行数字货币桥（mBridge）项目完成国际首例基于真实交易场景的试点测试，无需依赖美元即可连接中国、中国香港、泰国、阿联酋和沙特的央行和商业银行，2024 年 mBridge 项目已进入最简可行产品，这些技术革新正在构建绕开 SWIFT的平行体系；其三，美元在国际外汇储备中的占比缓慢下降。根据 IMF 数据，美元在国际货币储备中的占比自 2001年的 71.5%左右震荡下行至 2024年的 57.8%，下降了约 13.7个百分点，占比相应提升较多的包括人民币、英镑和其他货币，然而美元目前仍是最主要的国际储备货币，第二大国际储备货币是欧元。另外，全球央行也在持续增加黄金储备，近三年来，全球央行年购金量达 1000 吨。2025 年一季度，全球央行购金约 244 吨，符合近三年季度购金量的常态水平。

行业数据原图定位