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图1-8：清洁能源产品制造产能地区分布（2024年）

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所属报告：

北大能研院：2026从供给焦虑到需求韧性—大变局下的中国能源安全与战略重构白皮书（71页）.pdf

打包全文图表

制造业红利的兑现：截至2025年，中国在全球光伏制造各关键环节已形成高度集中优势：多晶硅产能约占全球96.0%，硅片产能占比高达96.2%，电池产能占91.3%，组件产能约占80.1%2°；在动力及储能电池领域，中国在电池供应链中也占据主导地位，拥有全球近85%的电池电芯产能”。这种规模效应带来了巨大的制造业红利。在过去两年中国国内房地产和传统基建投资放缓的背景下，以“新三样”（电动载人汽车、锂电就业的“经济引擎”之一。 “国内市场过度竞争”的悖论与战略性亏损：然而，中国在取得这种优势地位的同时，其国内产业生态正经历着残酷的“内卷”（内部市场过度竞争）。由于前几年的盲目扩张，中国光伏和电池行业产能高速增长，大量产能闲置。以 2025年的光伏行业为例，光伏行业中国A股上市公司2025 年业绩预告显示，行业整体仍处亏损区间，多数企业延续亏损态势。例如，中国A股上市光伏企业TCL中环预计亏损82亿至96亿元，其他行业龙头企业如天合光能、隆基绿能、晶科能源的预计亏损区间也在60亿至75亿元之间22。 20北京日报，中国光伏产业链稳居全球主导地位，“反内卷”仍是重中之重.2026.02.https://xinwen.bjd.com.cn/ 讨会上，中国光伏行业协会顾问王勃华公布相关统计，显示中国光伏产业链在全球仍然占据主导地位。 IEA和BloombergNEF的具体数据均略有出入。 22人民日报.2025年光伏上市公司业绩持续承压.2026.01.https://paper.people.com.cn/zgnyb/pad/ content/202601/26/content_30136309.html; 巨潮资讯.2025年度各企业业绩预告报告.http://www.cninfo.com.cn/new/fultextSearch?

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