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图4-40丨拉丁美洲地区2010-2022年能源可持续

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所属报告：

清华大学碳中和研究院：2025世界能源可持续性评价报告-聚焦全球性冲击影响（118页）.pdf

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4-39）。具体而言，能源可及性的提升是推动该 4-40）。可及性得分在2010-2022年间增长了 7.3%。其中，农村地区的电力普及率从81.4%提升至92.2%，清洁炊事燃料的普及率从80.0%提升至85.1%，电气化率也从15.9%提升到17.8% 然而，值得注意的是，拉丁美洲地区的能源清洁度在2013-2017年间曾出现小幅回落。这上升以及非化石能源占比的下降相吻合。不过，自 2017年后，该地区的能源清洁度开始呈现回升态势，到2022年，能源清洁度得分较2010年提高了2.9%。同时，能源效率、可支付性分别提高了1.0%、0.7%，可靠性降低了0.3%。尽管这些指标的提升幅度并不显著，但整体呈现出向好的发展态势。拉丁美洲国家在推进能源可及性发展的同时，在一定程度上未能充分兼顾其他维度的均衡发展。这一现象凸显了该地区在能源转型过程中面临的挑战与权衡。在拉丁美洲的22个国家中，巴拿马在2010- 持续性得分的提升幅度达到了10.6%。这一进步主电力普及率提升了35.3%，电气化率也上升了5.7%。同时，巴拿马在能源清洁度方面也实现了大幅增长，其主要短板集中在能源清洁度方面。这种差异化得分提高了16.4%，其中非化石能源占比增加了既包括最不发达国家的基础设施建设问题，也涉 3.9%，SO2排放强度降低了69.9%，NOx排放强度及中等收入国家的能源结构转型需求。减少了38.6%，CO2排放强度也下降了6.2%。对于大部分国家而言，能源可持续性的提升年间呈现增长趋势，由2010年的75.6分上升到主要来源于能源可及性的改善。然而，牙买加是 2022年的77.8分，增长幅度为2.9%，年均增长这一地区唯一的例外，其能源可及性出现了0.5% 的负增长。此外，拉丁美洲地区仅有海地和苏里

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