您的当前位置：首页 > 行业数据 > 图3. 1979至2023年3月（黑色）和9月（红色）月海冰范围异常（实线）和线性趋势线（虚线）。这些异常值是相对于每个月的1991-2020年平均值。摘自Meier等（2023）21

图3. 1979至2023年3月（黑色）和9月（红色）月海冰范围异常（实线）和线性趋势线（虚线）。这些异常值是相对于每个月的1991-2020年平均值。摘自Meier等（2023）21

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图3. 1979至2023年3月（黑色）和9月（红色）月海冰范围异常（实线）和线性趋势线（虚线）。这些异常值是相对于每个月的1991-2020年平均值。摘自Meier等（2023）21_第1页

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图3. 1979至2023年3月（黑色）和9月（红色）月海冰范围异常（实线）和线性趋势线（虚线）。这些异常值是相对于每个月的1991-2020年平均值。摘自Meier等（2023）21_第2页

图3. 1979至2023年3月（黑色）和9月（红色）月海冰范围异常（实线）和线性趋势线（虚线）。这些异常值是相对于每个月的1991-2020年平均值。摘自Meier等（2023）21_第3页

图3. 1979至2023年3月（黑色）和9月（红色）月海冰范围异常（实线）和线性趋势线（虚线）。这些异常值是相对于每个月的1991-2020年平均值。摘自Meier等（2023）21_第4页

图3. 1979至2023年3月（黑色）和9月（红色）月海冰范围异常（实线）和线性趋势线（虚线）。这些异常值是相对于每个月的1991-2020年平均值。摘自Meier等（2023）21_第5页

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所属报告：

美国国家海洋与大气管理局（NOAA）：2025北极愿景和战略报告（英文版）（42页）.pdf

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目标陈述：扩展和维持一个最先进的观测网络，提供准确的海冰和海洋产品，以及从日常到十年时间尺度的预测，以支持安全的海洋操作，促进经济发展，生态系统管理，并推动科学以促进在快速变化的北极环境中来最低的。2023年9月的月平均范围比1991-2 79年数值的43%的下降。这一海冰范围的减域。海冰的变化影响沿海社区（见目标6），改变它们对海洋资源的获取（见目标5），影响区域和全球的天气模式（见目标3），转变生态系统（见目标1），并影响极地航行（见深入了解海冰及其正在经历的变化，对于评估为应急石油泄漏响应和损害评估提供信息。食物链正从以底栖为主的（例如北极鳕）转变为以浮游生物为主（例如毛鳕），并影响白鲸的饮食和觅食模式。海冰的变化及其对波浪的影响导致沿海村庄的侵蚀和洪水风险增加，而与安全海冰相关的传统习惯变得越来越难以维持北极海洋变得越来越适合航行，因为春秋季节的开放水域航行时间窗口已经扩展。商业航运绝对在西北和东北通道以及白令海峡的交通量增加。对准确、高分辨率和近实时的海冰分析和预测的需求不断增加。这些数据对于海洋安全、应急响应、资源管理、国家安全以及航运和旅游的新经济机会至关重要。虽然开辟了新的机会，但这种增加的可及性也引发了对该地区潜在石油泄漏、海洋垃圾和其他环境风险的担忧22。准确和及时的海冰信息不仅是操作上的必要，还关系到负责任的北极管理（见目标5）。这一快速变化的背景要求通过一个强大的观测网络定期观察北极的气候和海洋状态、环流以及海冰特征。了解云、辐射和气溶胶之间的相互作用至关重要，以及在耦合的气候-冰-海洋模型中开发和细化热力学和动力学过程的模拟 22 Henry P.Huntington等，“北极商业航运对环境和社区的影响：背景、治理、优先事项，”《运输研究D部分：运输与环境》 118（2023） :103731， https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1361920923001281

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