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图表10养老服务轻资产运营模式下可输出的管理及服务

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所属报告：

2021年养老行业趋势与海阳股份公司运营模式分析报告（29页）.pdf

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突破传统重资产运营模式，公司是轻资产公建民营中首批利用类工程 BOT 实践政企共建的企业。公建民营相较传统模式的优势在于，一是政策积极引导并优先支持的养老服务改革方向，具有持续的政策红利预期；二是有效避开土地、装修等前期资本投入，降低运营风险并提升盈利空间；三是促使机构聚焦运营和服务，经验积累形成可标准化的管理手段，更易实现连锁化的规模扩张。从机构建设转向提升核心运营和服务能力，以更好实现居家、社区、机构养老的协同，也是养老制度体公建民营“重管理，轻资产，可标准化”，适宜连锁化运营推广。重资产运营模式下养老项目从土地供应到资产管理，需要经历开发、建设、装修、产品研发、市场推广、运营或委托运营等流程，投资周期长，仅有少数具备相当资本实力的大型房企（万科、保利、绿城等）和保险机构（泰康、合众、太平、人寿等）参与。由于养老服务的长周期、微利性和社会属性，以投资和资本驱动的重资产模式未能形成良好的盈利模式，重资产开发规模一直未能取得明显突破。轻资产公建民营是指政府通过承包、委托、联合经营等方式，将政府拥有所有权的养老设施交给企业、社会组织或个人运营，目前常见的运营模式包括委托经营、特许经营、资产租赁以及混合方式等 4 种。依托海阳在机构筹备运营方面的先发优势及与地方政府的谈判合作经验，公司是其中混合方式的先行先试者，通过“合作共建+委托经营”方式，保证机构运营的商业性和现金流的可预期性，为后续标准化扩张夯实基础。

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