美国农业部：农业食品供应链评估增强韧性的方案和政策选项（英文版）（51页）.pdf

1、USDA AGRI-FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN ASSESSMENT:PROGRAM AND POLICY OPTIONS FOR STRENGTHENING RESILIENCEProposal title goes here|Section title goes here 01ContentsIntroduction 01Background and Summary 02USDA Supply Chain Tools and Capacities 05Key Vulnerabilities and Proposed Actions to Strengthen Agri-Food S

2、upply Chains 12PRIORITY 1:Concentration and Consolidation in Agri-Food Production,Manufacturing,and Distribution 12PRIORITY 2:Labor Needs 18PRIORITY 3:Ecological and Climate Risks to Crops 21PRIORITY 4:Livestock and Poultry Disease Threats 26PRIORITY 5:Transportation Bottlenecks 30PRIORITY 6:Trade D

3、isruptions 36Acknowledgements 39APPENDIX:List of Proposed Actions by Priority 40IntroductionUSDA Agri-Food Supply Chain Assessment:Program and Policy Options for Strengthening Resilience|Introduction1As a nation,we are fortunate to have a highly productive agricultural system,a vigorous private agri

4、business sector,extensive infrastructure,and supportive public policies and institutions that together work to provide a dependable,affordable,and diverse food supply.However,recent events especially the COVID-19 pandemic and the on-going pandemic recovery-have revealed serious cracks in this system

5、.Addressing these vulnerabilities to strengthen the resilience of our countrys agri-food supply chains is what this report is about.As we work to address these vulnerabilities,there are at least two timeframes that must be considered in the context of U.S.agri-food supply chain challenges.The first

6、is an immediate timeframe that involves addressing the impact of the current heavy demand outstripping current supply as the country and world reemerge from the economic disruptions caused by the pandemic.The second timeframe is longer term and relates to weak links in the supply chain that existed