布鲁金斯学会：美国的半导体战略（英文版）（47页）.pdf

1、Christopher A.ThomasOCTOBER 2022A SEMICONDUCTOR STRATEGY FOR THE UNITED STATESFOREIGN POLICY AT BROOKINGS1EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Semiconductors are the lifeblood of the digital economy.The semiconductor industry has moved to the foreground of political discourse both in the United States and other countr

2、ies.The pushes from Americas economic rivals and the challenges faced by its own domestic industry,coupled with supply chain shortages,prompted calls for the U.S.government to“do something”to support the industry.The most visible response is the CHIPS Act,which allocates$39 billion in government fun

3、ding for domestic semiconductor manufacturing facilities and billions more for semiconductor research and development(R&D)and workforce programs.1Many cite Americas declining share of semi-conductor manufacturing as the justification for such measures,with“unfair”subsidies by other countries as the

4、root cause.Much of the debate has centered on evaluating what other countries are doing and matching their programs.Of course,benchmarking is not a strategy.Voluntarily exiting global markets is not a strategy.Fixing short-term product shortages(in ways the industry cannot)is not a strategy.In fact,

5、the argument that the industry needs funding to fix shortages is ringing hollow at the time of this writing,as demand for semiconduc-tors for personal computers and smartphones drops.2 This“downcycle”is not only good for consumers of these products,but it also shifts the policy debate to a more appr

6、opriate objec-tive:How does the United States build a sustain-able,market-centric semiconductor policy that leverages the strengths of the American financial,industry,and academic environments to collectively accelerate the industry and not just for a few years,but in the decade to come?How does the