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1、WMO-No.1368WEATHER CLIMATE WATERState of the Global Climate 2024BWMO-No.1368 World Meteorological Organization,2025The right of publication in print,electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO.Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization,provi

2、ded that the complete source is clearly indicated.Editorial correspondence and requests to publish,reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to:Chair,Publications BoardWorld Meteorological Organization(WMO)7 bis,avenue de la Paix Tel.:+41(0)22 730 84 03P.O.Box 2

3、300 Email:publicationswmo.intCH-1211 Geneva 2,Switzerland ISBN 978-92-63-11368-5Cover illustration from Adobe Stock by Richie Chan:Scenery of Ghandruk village near Pokhara in NepalThe designations employed in WMO publications and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expr

4、ession of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WMO concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area,or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.The mention of specific companies or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended

5、 by WMO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised.The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed in WMO publications with named authors are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of WMO or its Members.iContentsForeword.iiKey in

6、dicators.1Atmosphericcarbondioxide.1Global mean near-surface temperature.3Oceanheatcontent.5Globalmeansealevel.7Ocean pH.9Glaciermassbalance.11Sea-ice extent.13Climatedriver ElNioSouthernOscillation .15Globalpatternsof temperatureandprecipitation.17Temperature.17Precipitation.18High-impact events .1