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世界银行(WBG):2025年全球燃料补贴与价格管制格局研究报告(中译版)(51页).pdf

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1、GLOBAL LANDSCAPE OF FUEL SUBSIDIES&PRICE CONTROLSA PR I L 2 0 25i Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedGLOBAL LANDSCAPE OF FUEL SUBSIDIES&PRICE CONTROLSA P R I L 2 0 2 5 2025 International Bank for Reconstruction and Developm

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根据报告的内容,本文主要概括了2021-2025年全球燃料补贴和定价机制的情况,并提出了改革建议。关键点如下: 1. 2022年,全球油价上涨导致许多国家实施或扩大了燃料补贴和价格控制措施,以减轻对消费者的影响。这导致全球燃料补贴支出在2022年达到1.2万亿美元。 2. 2025年1月,全球154个经济体中,95个经济体仍实行燃料价格管制,其中45%长时间冻结价格,导致市场扭曲。 3. 大多数国家在2022年油价上涨期间未完全将国际油价上涨转嫁到国内,低收入国家的转嫁系数普遍低于1。 4. 燃料价格管制国家更易出现燃料短缺、黑市和走私等问题。2022年,45个管制国家出现燃料短缺,其中超过一半长时间冻结价格。 5. 改革建议包括定期调整价格、从普遍补贴转向有针对性的社会保护、利用国际框架和工具设计透明持久的政策等。
**全球燃料补贴现状如何?** **燃料价格管制带来哪些问题?** **如何改革燃料补贴政策?**
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