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大西洋理事会:2024天然气与能源转型研究报告:安全、公平与实现净零排放(英文版)(24页).pdf

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1、IN TURKEY GLOBAL ENERGY CENTERNatural Gas and the Energy Transition:Security,Equity,and Achieving Net ZeroPhillip CornellThe Atlantic Council in Turkey aims to promote dialogue and strengthen transatlantic engagement with the region through research,programming and high-level discussion forums to ad

2、dress critical issues around energy,economics,business,and security.The Atlantic Council Global Energy Center develops and promotes pragmatic and nonpartisan policy solutions designed to advance global energy security,enhance economic opportunity,and accelerate pathways to net-zero emissions.IN TURK

3、EY GLOBAL ENERGY CENTERThe Atlantic Council would like to thank our donor,alk Enerji,for supporting our work on this project.Cover:Gas pipes are seen at Gas Connect Austria in Baumgarten,Austria,September 28,2022.REUTERS/Lisa LeutnerISBN:978-1-61977-326-4This report was written and published in acco

4、rdance with the Atlantic Councils policy on intellectual independence.The author is solely responsible for its analysis and recommendations.The Atlantic Council and its donors do not determine,nor do they necessarily endorse or advocate for,any of this reports conclusions.April 2024IN TURKEY GLOBAL

5、ENERGY CENTERNatural Gas and the Energy Transition:Security,Equity,and Achieving Net ZeroPhillip CornellNatural Gas and the Energy Transition:Security,Equity,and Achieving Net ZeroIIATLANTIC COUNCILTable of Contents Executive Summary 11.Introduction:The Energy Trilemma and Gas in a Net-Zero World 32

6、.The Role of Natural Gas in a Global Net-Zero Energy System 6Natural Gas in a Decarbonized Power System 6Natural Gas for Industrial Uses 7Low-Hanging Fruit:Abatement Costs by Decarbonization Measure 83.Market and Regional VariationsOne Size Wont Fit All 10Gas-Producing Developing Countries 10Energy-

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本文主要讨论了天然气在实现净零排放能源系统中的作用,以及在全球范围内实现这一目标时面临的挑战。 1. 天然气在净零排放能源系统中扮演重要角色,特别是在电力系统中,天然气与碳捕获和封存技术结合使用,可以支持电力系统的脱碳。 2. 工业应用中,天然气是生产化学品和化肥的重要原料。短期内,由于技术限制和成本问题,直接电气化难以实现,天然气将继续发挥重要作用。 3. 发展中国家在能源转型中面临不同的挑战。天然气生产国需要平衡发展需求和减排目标,而能源进口国则需要考虑如何扩大能源获取和提高能源效率。 4. 实现净零排放需要巨大的投资。根据国际能源署的预测,即使在不开发新的天然气田的情况下,到2030年,上游天然气投资仍需每年超过1200亿美元。 5. 发展中国家在能源转型中需要国际社会的支持,包括资金和技术援助,以确保能源获取和经济增长。
天然气在净零排放能源系统中的作用是什么? 发展中国家在能源转型中面临的挑战是什么? 如何在能源转型中实现可持续和公平的发展?
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