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国际能源署:2024电动汽车电池供应链可持续发展报告:生命周期影响与回收的作用(英文版)(28页).pdf

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1、EV Battery Supply Chain SustainabilityLife cycle impacts and the role of recyclingThe IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil,gas and coal supply and demand,renewable energy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand side management and much more

2、.Through its work,the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability,affordability and sustainability of energy in its 32 Member countries,13 Association countries and beyond.This publication and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territo

3、ry,to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory,city or area.Source:IEA.International Energy Agency Website:www.iea.orgIEA Member countries:AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech Republic DenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKo

4、reaLatviaLithuania Luxembourg Mexico NetherlandsNew Zealand NorwayPolandPortugalSlovak Republic SpainSweden Switzerland Republic of Trkiye United Kingdom United StatesThe European Commission also participates in the work of the IEAIEA Association countries:Argentina BrazilChinaEgyptIndia Indonesia K

5、enya Morocco Senegal Singapore South Africa Thailand UkraineINTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY EV Battery Supply Chain Sustainability Highlights PAGE|3 IEA.CC BY 4.0.Highlights Battery demand is set to continue growing fast based on current policy settings,increasing four-and-a-half times by 2030 and more t

6、han seven times by 2035.The role of emerging markets and developing economies(EMDEs)other than Peoples Republic of China(hereafter,“China”)is expected to grow,reaching 10%of global battery demand by 2030,up from 3%in 2023.Battery production is also expected to diversify,mostly thanks to investments

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本文主要讨论了电动汽车(EV)电池供应链的可持续性,包括生命周期影响和回收的作用。文章指出,电池需求预计将持续增长,到2030年将增长四倍多,到2035年将增长七倍多。电动汽车(EV)是电池需求增长的主要驱动力,占2023年全球电池需求的近90%。从生命周期角度看,中型电动汽车的排放量是全球平均内燃机(ICE)汽车排放量的一半。电池相关的排放虽然在电动汽车生命周期排放中占有一定比例,但并不是最大的贡献者。然而,减少电池生产和关键矿物加工相关的排放仍然很重要。电池回收可以减少关键矿物的需求,提高可持续性。到2030年,回收将有助于回收制造废料,而展望未来,回收将有助于回收报废电池,减少关键矿物的需求,特别是在2035年之后,当报废电动汽车电池的数量开始迅速增长时。
电动汽车电池供应链可持续性如何? 电池回收如何减少关键矿物需求? 二手电动汽车出口对回收有何影响?
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