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HEPI:2024年美国高等教育概况报告(中译版)(32页).pdf

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1、An overview of US higher educationNicholas W.Hillman HEPI Report 1752An overview of US higher educationAbout the authorDr Nicholas Hillman is a Professor in the University of Wisconsin-Madisons School of Education,where he also directs the SSTAR Lab.His research focuses on the intersection of access

2、 and finance,namely in the areas of student financial aid and state higher education finance.His research employs statistical analysis of large datasets and has been published in the fields top academic journals including Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis,American Educational Research Journ

3、al and Education Finance and Policy.Nicks recent book(with Dr Gary Orfield),Accountability and Opportunity in Higher Education:The Civil Rights Dimension,was published by Harvard Education Press.His research has been recognized for excellence by the Association for the Study of Higher Education and

4、the National Association of Student Financial Aid Administrators.He is a faculty affiliate in the Center for Financial Security,La Follette School of Public Affairs and Institute for Research on Poverty.www.hepi.ac.uk3ForewordProfessor Phil Deans,President and Vice Chancellor of Richmond American Un

5、iversity London and Vice President of the Association of American International College and UniversitiesThe United States is the great higher education outlier.The US higher education system is diverse and complex,with a multitude of institutional types,models and funding arrangements,and flexibilit

6、y of both content and delivery.US universities consistently dominate the top 10 and top 100 global university rankings,can attract the best academic and administrative talents,and recruit exceptional students from around the world on to their undergraduate and postgraduate programmes.At the same tim

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本文概述了美国高等教育系统,主要内容包括: 1. 美国高等教育系统具有高度的分散性,没有单一的系统协调所有高等教育机构(IHEs)。相反,50个州、联邦政府和数十个认证机构共同构成了支持公立和私立高等教育机构的政策生态系统。 2. 公立和私立机构是美国高等教育的主要区别。私立机构由独立于州和联邦政府的机构董事会治理,而公立机构由州政府治理。公立机构通常接受州税收收入作为资助,因此学费相对较低。 3. 公立机构通常以州的名字命名,如威斯康星大学,而社区学院则总是公立机构,其名称通常反映所在城市或地区,如洛杉矶市学院。 4. 私立机构通常不接收州拨款,因此学费通常远高于公立机构。私立机构中,非营利和营利性机构并存。 5. 学生经常在机构之间流动。例如,学生可以在两年制社区学院开始学习,然后将学分转移到四年制大学。 6. 州政府在协调公立高等教育方面发挥重要作用,包括协调课程衔接协议,确保在不同机构之间转移学分。 7. 尽管每个州协调和资助高等教育的方式不同,但所有州都有类似的决策者,包括州长、州立法者和州高等教育机构。
美国高等教育有哪些主要特点? 美国公立和私立大学有何区别? 美国州政府和联邦政府如何影响高等教育?
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