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兰德(Rand):2024利用人工智能提高能源安全:探索人工智能应用在电力系统中部署的风险和机遇报告(中译版)(46页).pdf

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1、The use of AI for improving energy securityQuantitative exploration of the opportunities of the deployment of AI applications in the electricity systemIsmael Arciniegas Rueda,Hye Min Park,Joshua Steier,Henri van Soest,Harper Fine,Mlusine LebretFor more information on this publication,visit www.rand.

2、org/t/RRA2907-2About RAND Europe RAND Europe is a not-for-profit research organisation that helps improve policy and decision making through research and analysis.To learn more about RAND Europe,visit www.randeurope.org.Research Integrity Our mission to help improve policy and decision making throug

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本文主要探讨了人工智能(AI)在提高能源安全方面的应用和影响。主要内容包括: 1. 背景:全球电力系统面临老化的基础设施、日益增长的电力需求和脱碳需求,这增加了电力系统的脆弱性。AI应用可能有助于提高电力系统的弹性,但也可能增加新的风险。 2. 研究方法:使用Python电力系统模型PyPSA-Eur,评估AI应用在提高欧洲电力系统能源安全方面的影响。研究聚焦于欧洲能源系统,考虑AI应用在技术准备水平(TRL)8和9的情况。 3. 主要发现:评估了三种AI应用(AI驱动的负荷减少、AI驱动的负荷转移和风尾操纵)在四种场景下的影响。与无AI应用的基准相比,AI驱动的负荷减少在所有能源安全指标上都有所改善,但各国之间的分布影响不同。AI驱动的负荷转移改善了两个能源安全指标,但其他指标保持不变。风尾操纵由于当前系统中风能渗透率低,影响有限,但随着欧洲部署更多风能,其影响可能增加。 4. 政策建议:AI应用对能源安全的影响取决于其部署方式,欧洲电力系统成员国之间可能存在权衡。AI支持的政策应与更重要的安全指标保持一致。实施不同的AI应用可能对能源安全产生影响,政策制定者应认识到AI对能源安全的影响可能不是累加的,并仔细考虑应用之间的相互作用,以避免不利影响。
AI如何提高能源安全? AI应用在电力系统中的优势与挑战是什么? 如何制定政策以充分发挥AI在电力系统中的潜力?
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