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1、2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|A 2024NRPA AGENCYPERFORMANCEREVIEWCover image:A community concert takes place in Wichita,Kansas.Photo courtesy of Wichita(Kansas)Park and Recreation Department2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|1 TABLE OF CONTENTS2 Executive Summary4 Infographic:2024 NRPA Agency

2、Performance Review Key Findings5 Index of Figures8 Park Facilities14 Programming16 Responsibilities of Park and Recreation Agencies18 Staffing20 Budget23 Agency Funding26 Policies27 Conclusions28 Acknowledgements28 About NRPAA young girl handles a monarch butterfly in Plymouth,Minnesota.PHOTO COURTE

3、SY OF THREE RIVERS PARK DISTRICT(MINNESOTA)2|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationEXECUTIVE SUMMARYParks and recreation provides essential public ser-vices to communities all across the United States.Not only do park and recreation professionals and their agencies act as environmental stewar

4、ds of the natural resources in their areas,but also by managing park and recreation facilities they increase economic value,promote socialization,and implement programming that improves the physical and mental well-being of individuals in their communities.From offering after-school programs to prov

5、iding safe and inclusive spaces for community members to congregate,agencies directly impact the quality of life in their areas.The National Recreation and Park Association(NRPA)gathers data annually from park and recreation agencies nationwide to assemble a clear overview of park and recreation age

6、ncies performance.The purpose of this 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review is to allow agencies to compare their own performance metrics with those of other U.S.agencies to identify areas of excellence and areas for potential improvement.As agencies preview the data presented in this report,it is imp

7、ortant to note that there is no one-size-fits-all solution for maintaining and improving a park and recreation agency.The 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review does not provide“standards”which all agencies must strive to deliver,but rather serves as an informative evidence-based guideline.Factors such

8、 as jurisdiction population,the unique needs of each community and funding all play a major role in how an agency oper-ates.In this report,we compare data grouped by agency size,funding,population served and other factors in order to provide agency professionals with more peer-based results.To opera

9、te successfully,an agency must customize its offerings to the unique needs of its community members.Identifying characteristics of members in an agencys community based on age,economic means,interests and other backgrounds is vital for creating rel-evant programming and offerings.A successful agency

10、 will know its communitys characteristics and operate accordingly to better serve its residents.We recommend that park and recreation agencies and professionals use the 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review in conjunction with other internal and external resources to gather a clearer understanding of

11、needs and resources specific to their agency.How to Use the 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review and NRPA Park MetricsTo begin using the 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review,first look at the available data.Throughout this report,tables,graphs and other data-based visuals are provided based on a“typic

12、al”agency within a given jurisdiction population or population.The“typical”agency represents the median of data collected for a metric.Information also includes upper and lower quartiles for further insight.To further benefit from the information provided in this report,examine the com-prehensive cr

13、oss-tabulations and interactive charts found at nrpa.org/APR.Park and recreation agencies across the country used the NRPA Park Metrics survey tool to self-report all data that were used in this report.Visit the Park Metrics website(nrpa.org/ParkMetrics)to learn more about this suite of tools and cr

14、eate a Park Metrics account or log in to an existing account to build a more custom-ized benchmark report based on agency type,size and geographic region.Use this tool to generate reports that will further assist in analyzing your agencys data needs,as well as identify peer agencies with similar cha

15、racteristics to your own.The 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review presents data from nearly 1,000 park and recreation agencies across the country from 2021 to 2023.Note:Not all agencies answered every survey question.2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|3 PHOTO COURTESY OF DURANGO(COLORADO)PARKS AND R

16、ECREATION Young adults participate in a work day in Durango,Colorado.4|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationINFOGRAPHIC2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review Key FindingsResidents per park:2,386Acres of parkland per 1,000 residents:10.6Percent of agencies offering summer camp:83%Full-time equiv

17、alent(FTE)employees per 10,000 residents:8.9Percentage of full-time staff dedicated to operations/maintenance:46%Operating expendituresper capita:$99.47Revenue to operating expenditures(cost recovery):25.2%2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|5 INDEX OF FIGURESFIGURETOP-LINE FINDINGPAGE NO.PARK FACIL

18、ITIESFigure 1:Number of Residents per Park The typical park and recreation agency has one park for every 2,386 residents.8Figure 2:Acres of Parkland per 1,000 Residents The typical park and recreation agency has 10.6 acres of parkland for every 1,000 residents.9Figure 3:Outdoor Park and Recreation F

19、acilities Nine in 10(93 percent)agencies have playgrounds.At least eight in 10 agencies have diamond fields,basketball courts and/or rectangular fields.10Figure 4:Indoor Park and Recreation Facilities Competitive and leisure swimming pools are the most common indoor facilities provided by park and r

20、ecreation agencies.11Figure 5:Types of Indoor Park and Recreation Facilities and Amenities More than half of agencies have recreation centers(62 percent)and/or community centers(59 percent)in their indoor facility asset portfolios.12Figure 6:Miles of Trails Trail mileage increases with population.Ag

21、encies serving more than 250,000 residents typically have 97 miles of trail compared to 16 miles across all agencies.13Golfers participate in a camp in Colorado.PHOTO COURTESY OF CITY OF AURORA(COLORADO)PARKS,RECREATION AND OPEN SPACE6|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationFIGURETOP-LINE FIND

22、INGPAGE NO.PROGRAMMINGFigure 7:Programming Offered by Park and Recreation Agencies The three most popular program offerings across agencies are themed special events(89 percent),social recreation events (88 percent)and team sports(86 percent).15Figure 8:Targeted Programs for Children,Older Adults an

23、d People With Disabilities Eighty-three percent of agencies offer summer camps,78 percent offer specific older adult programs,and two-thirds offer specific teen programs and programs for people with disabilities.15RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARK AND RECREATION AGENCIESFigure 9:Key Responsibilities of Park

24、and Recreation Agencies Nearly all park and recreation agencies are responsible for operating and maintaining park sites.17Figure 10:Other Responsibilities of Park and Recreation Agencies Additional responsibilities of select park and recreation agencies are to operate,maintain or contract tourism a

25、ttractions(40 percent),manage large outdoor amphitheaters(36 percent),and operate,maintain or contract golf courses(36 percent).17STAFFINGFigure 11:Park and Recreation Agency Staffing:Full-Time Equivalent(FTE)EmployeesThe number of FTEs at an agency increases as jurisdiction population increases.The

26、 typical number of FTEs at an agency is 57.6.18Figure 12:Park and Recreation Full-Time Equivalent(FTE)Employees per 10,000 Residents The median FTEs per 10,000 residents is 8.9.The number of FTEs per 10,000 residents decreases as jurisdiction population increases.19Figure 13:Responsibilities of Park

27、 and Recreation Workers The primary responsibility of FTEs is related to operations and maintenance(46 percent),followed by programming(31 percent).19BUDGETFigure 14:Annual Operating Expenditures The typical park and recreation agency annual operating budget is$6.45 million.20Figure 15:Operating Exp

28、enditures per Capita The typical park and recreation agency has annual operating expenses of$99.47 per capita.21Figure 16:Operating Expenditures per Acre of Park and Non-Park Sites The typical park and recreation agencys operating expenditures per acre of park and non-park sites is$8,260.21Figure 17

29、:Operating Expenditures per Full-Time Equivalent(FTE)Employee The typical agency spends$110,912 in annual operating expenditures per FTE.22Figure 18:Distribution of Operating Expenditures More than half(54 percent)of the typical agencys distribution of operating expenditures goes toward personnel se

30、rvices.22Figure 19:Operating Expenditures Dedicated to Parks or Recreation Thirty-nine percent of operating expenditures at an agency are dedicated to parks,39 percent to recreation and 17 percent to administration.222024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|7 FIGURETOP-LINE FINDINGPAGE NO.AGENCY FUNDINGF

31、igure 20:Sources of Operating Expenditures General fund/appropriations are the most common source of operating expenditures.23Figure 21:Park and Recreation Revenue per Capita The typical park and recreation agency generates$22.58 in revenue annually per resident in its jurisdiction.23Figure 22:Reven

32、ue as a Percentage of Operating Expenditures(Cost Recovery)The typical agency recovers a quarter of its operating expenditures from non-tax revenue.24Figure 23:Five-Year Capital Budget Spending The five-year capital spending budget at an agency greatly increases as population increases.Agencies with

33、 more than 250,000 people have a median five-year capital budget spending of$49.1 million.24Figure 24:Targets for Capital Expenditures Percentage of Agencys Capital Budget Designated for ImprovementsThe primary target for capital expenditures is improvements (88 percent).24Figure 25:Improvement Doll

34、ars Split Between Renovation vs.New DevelopmentImprovement dollars are split between renovation(67 percent)and new development(33 percent).25Figure 26:Improvement Dollars Split Between Buildings vs.Parks Improvement dollars are split between improving parks (70 percent)and buildings(30 percent).25Fi

35、gure 27:Value of Deferred Maintenance Projects per Agency The typical agency has$698,000 in deferred maintenance projects,but at agencies with more than 250,000,this number jumps to$17.3 million.25POLICIESFigure 28:Agencies With an Expressed Commitment to Diversity,Equity and Inclusion(DEI)in Their

36、Foundational Documents Seventy-nine percent of park and recreation agencies have an expressed commitment to diversity,equity and inclusion(DEI)in their foundational documents(e.g.,vision,mission and strategic plan).26Figure 29:Agencies With Hiring Practices and Policies That Promote a Diverse Workfo

37、rce Nine in 10 park and recreation agencies(91 percent)have hiring practices and policies promoting a diverse agency workforce.268|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationPARK FACILITIESTo support the various needs,interests and lifestyles of community members,park and recreation agencies must

38、offer a wide range of outdoor and indoor facilities.These facilities provide for programming,activities and other recreational events and serve as vital hubs for health and wellness.The typical park and recreation agency has one park for every 2,386 residents.In heavily populated juris-dictions,a si

39、ngle park may serve many thousands of residents.For jurisdictions with populations fewer than 20,000 people,1,172 people are served per park.This number increases for populations of 50,000 to 99,000 people,with one park for every 2,346 people.For those jurisdictions with populations of more than 250

40、,000 people,there are 6,120 people for every park.The typical park and recreation agency manages 10.6 acres of parkland per 1,000 residents in its area.“Park-Children and families play outside during a community event in Asheville,North Carolina.PHOTO COURTESY OF ASHEVILLE(NORTH CAROLINA)PARKS AND R

41、ECREATIONFIGURE 1:NUMBER OF RESIDENTS PER PARK(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000 All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median2,3861,1722,0622,3463,34

42、46,120Lower Quartile1,3336591,2331,4892,1733,274Upper Quartile5,0001,9443,0004,0487,03918,58670006000500040003000200010000RESIDENTS PER PARK2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|9 land”refers to both maintained parks and accessible open space areas such as green spaces and courtyards.This amount of pa

43、rkland per 1,000 residents is largest for those agencies serving a population of fewer than 20,000 people:12.6 acres of parkland per 1,000 resi-dents.The number of acres per 1,000 residents decreases slightly for parks serving a population of 20,000 to 49,999 people:an average of 11.2 acres of manag

44、ed parkland per 1,000 residents.For agencies serving between 50,000 and 99,000 people and more than 250,000 people,there are 10.2 acres per 1,000 resi-dents.The smallest number of acres of parkland per 1,000 residents is found in jurisdictions with populations of 100,000 to 250,000 people with seven

45、 acres for every 1,000 residents.Outdoor park and recreation facilities allow commu-nity members to assemble,socialize and exercise in a safe and inclusive space.Ninety-three percent of agencies have playgrounds or play structures as their most common type of outdoor facility.Eighty-five percent of

46、agencies have diamond fields(e.g.,base-ball,softball),84 percent have standalone basketball courts and 83 percent have rectangular fields(e.g.,soccer,field hockey,lacrosse).Other common facilities include tennis courts(72 percent)and dog parks(68 percent).The breakdown of the most common types of ou

47、tdoor facilities includes:One playground/play structure for every 3,750 residents One diamond field for every 4,063 residents One basketball court for every 8,000 residents One rectangular field for every 5,000 residents One tennis court for every 6,003 residents One dog park for every 46,917 reside

48、ntsPHOTO COURTESY OF EUGENE(OREGON)RECREATIONFIGURE 2:ACRES OF PARKLAND PER 1,000 RESIDENTS(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000ACRES OF PARKLAND PER 1,000 RESIDENTS All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99

49、950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median10.612.611.210.27.010.2Lower Quartile5.16.06.24.84.45.0Upper Quartile18.020.918.017.415.516.714121086420A group of pickleball players touch paddles in Eugene,Oregon.10|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationFIGURE 3:OUTDOOR PARK AND REC

50、REATION FACILITIES (BY PREVALENCE AND POPULATION PER FACILITY)Types of Facilities Median Number of Residents per FacilityPopulation of Jurisdiction Percent of Agencies All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Playgrounds or play structures93%3,75

51、01,9903,1053,7075,0169,591Diamond fields854,0631,8333,0073,6756,82111,129Basketball courts,standalone848,0004,3667,5018,3639,64315,136Rectangular fields835,0002,4933,3334,0707,37514,238Tennis courts726,0033,0745,4615,8658,73110,524Dog parks6846,91710,32727,50855,13574,504128,906Tot lots 5312,4345,32

52、312,74412,44320,18033,913Community gardens5234,1058,80027,26256,15055,326125,935Swimming pools4945,9199,50027,08146,35365,697113,219Skateboard parks4654,75011,28433,16760,904105,567239,177Multiuse courts basketball,volleyball,etc.4219,5715,24815,53124,95547,67671,750Pickleball4212,5973,3907,73710,50

53、020,24442,495Multiuse courts tennis,pickleball3715,6744,63413,00012,97234,50061,21318-hole golf courses 2996,3919,62632,81268,208112,641251,483Driving range stations2824,3602,12212,7004,91435,710172,403Synthetic rectangular fields2543,64311,28423,18936,00054,254127,714Volleyball courts,standalone232

54、7,6409,25014,28026,61246,51757,456Splash pads,spray grounds or spray showers2354,01012,75630,62954,10067,685199,437Fitness zones/Exercise stations2239,1888,23327,26235,00043,611111,111Disc golf courses2076,78011,07929,44558,603118,723278,884Ice rinks1919,6678,01519,77029,378102,891532,258Walking loo

55、ps/Running tracks1920,0175,45918,58520,52737,16968,811Nine-hole golf courses14121,82517,75038,33361,757126,621428,359Overlay fields1018,09710,58410,0009,37522,95136,070Racquetball/Handball/Squash courts947,79213,35021,79143,85742,484137,076Waterparks782,25017,81332,81276,780149,008332,3962024 NRPA A

56、gency Performance Review|11 Indoor facilities are also critical to the programming and other offerings provided by park and recreation agencies.Twenty-two percent of agencies have in-door competitive swimming pools,19 percent have in-door leisure pools(i.e.,noncompetitive)and pickleball courts,16 pe

57、rcent have multiuse courts,and 12 percent have standalone basketball courts and multiuse courts(e.g.,tennis,pickleball).The breakdown of the ratio of population per type of indoor facility includes:One indoor competitive swimming pool for every 66,88 people One indoor leisure pool for every 71,046 p

58、eople One indoor pickleball court for every 17,033 people One indoor multiuse court for every 23,755 peopleFIGURE 4:INDOOR PARK AND RECREATION FACILITIES (BY PREVALENCE AND POPULATION PER FACILITY)Types of Facilities Median Number of Residents per FacilityPopulation of Jurisdiction Percent of Agenci

59、es All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Competitive swimming pools22%66,8808,22431,00064,150110,270260,000Pools designated exclusively for leisure(i.e.,noncompetitive)1971,04612,20332,81263,688111,385281,151Pickleball1917,0334,92910,46317,240

60、29,47079,795Multiuse courts basketball,volleyball,etc.1623,7555,90714,57723,75572,60464,451Basketball courts,standalone1226,9375,90719,17326,61277,09966,002Multiuse courts tennis,pickleball1217,0445,80014,95015,18238,75789,639Therapeutic pools1194,45610,81433,30663,001121,465521,114Walking loops/Run

61、ning tracks1059,6309,87532,61963,336111,508301,916Racquetball/Handball/Squash courts939,7447,03616,82538,32658,942118,342Tennis courts519,286ISD6,60010,60527,99560,913*ISD=Insufficient Data12|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationPHOTO COURTESY OF ST.PETERSBURG(FLORIDA)PARKS AND RECREATIONSix

62、ty-two percent of park and recreation agencies have recreation centers(including gyms),making it the most common type of indoor facility.Other common indoor facilities include community centers(59 percent),senior centers(40 percent)and performance amphi-theaters(40 percent).The ratios for population

63、 per each of the most common indoor facilities include:One recreation center(or gym)for every 32,786 residents One community center for every 31,569 residents One senior center for every 62,201 residents One performance amphitheater for every 69,604 residentsFIGURE 5:TYPES OF INDOOR PARK AND RECREAT

64、ION FACILITIES AND AMENITIES (BY PREVALENCE AND POPULATION PER FACILITY)Types of Facilities Median Number of Residents per FacilityPopulation of Jurisdiction Percent of Agencies All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Recreation centers(includin

65、g gyms)62%32,7869,68524,48639,88657,75067,213Community centers5931,5698,90827,85852,00055,13593,758Senior centers4062,20114,28631,98567,190125,817311,014Performance amphitheaters4069,60412,76932,25559,000116,135374,718Nature centers34133,7739,43033,66971,360139,248378,408Aquatics centers3058,49612,6

66、1831,00060,824110,629248,646Permanent and semi-permanent restrooms285,5802,5794,9055,5206,85011,925Stadiums19103,22210,63332,29964,150154,198425,884Teen centers 1258,71214,79731,78558,712124,264360,153Indoor ice rinks1259,2778,00423,51253,224108,508500,000Arenas995,6967,05724,83868,104118,500716,862

67、Young adults take a break from a game of basketball in St.Petersburg,Florida.2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|13 In addition to various outdoor and indoor facilities,many agencies provide trails,greenways and other outdoor walking areas for community members.The typical park and recreation agency

68、 is responsible for managing 16 miles of trails.This figure increases as the jurisdiction population an agency serves increases.Agencies serving populations of more than 250,000 people typically manage 97 miles of trails.FIGURE 6:MILES OF TRAIL(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All AgenciesLess Than 20,000

69、20,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median16.04.510.018.127.097.0Lower Quartile6.02.05.08.01840.8Upper Quartile46.09.219.637.052.0180.3 All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000120100806040200MILES OF TRAILSA g

70、roup of young adults set up their tent in San Diego.PHOTO COURTESY OF SAN DIEGO COUNTY PARKS AND RECREATION Adults participate in a guided river tour in Plymouth,Minnesota.PHOTO COURTESY OF THREE RIVERS PARK DISTRICT(MINNESOTA)14|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationPROGRAMMINGPark and recre

71、ation agencies offer a wide breadth of activities and programming to their community members.These offerings strive to promote better physical and emotional health and well-being.Much of this programming follows NRPAs Three Pillars:Health and Wellness,Equity and Conservation.While some programs are

72、targeted to certain age groups(i.e.,children or older adults),the goal of parks and recreation is to have inclusive and safe spaces for all community members.By providing affordable programming and safe spaces to gather,park and recreation agencies enable their community members to interact with oth

73、ers,encouraging socialization and connection.To meet the diverse needs and desires of community members,park and recreation agencies must provide a wide array of accessible and affordable programming.Programming can be activities,events,clubs or other types of group activities.Most agencies offer th

74、emed special events(89 per-cent),social recreation events(88 percent)and team sports(86 percent).More than three-quarters of agen-cies also offer other programming,such as fitness enhancement classes,health and wellness education and individual sports.Other key programming activities offered by at l

75、east half of agencies include:Racquet sports(73 percent of agencies)Safety training(70 percent)Aquatics(68 percent)Natural and cultural history activities(66 percent)Cultural crafts(63 percent)Visual arts(63 percent)Trips and tours(62 percent)Performing arts(62 percent)Martial arts(56 percent)Runnin

76、g/Cycling races(53 percent)A new playground is installed in Lorain,Ohio.PHOTO COURTESY OF CITY OF LORAIN(OHIO)PARKS AND RECREATION2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|15 From children to older adults,programs are designed to accommodate the diverse groups of community members regardless of age,socioe

77、conomic status,ability,race or background.Many agencies offer spe-cific programming based on age and abilities to better support all community members.Eighty-three percent of agencies offer summer camps and 78 percent offer programs specifically targeted to older adults.About two-thirds of agencies

78、offer teen-focused programs and programs for people with disabilities,while at least half of agencies offer STEM(science,technology,engineering and math)programs and after-school programs.Agencies serving populations of more than 250,000 residents are more likely to offer programs for older adults,c

79、hildren and people with disabilities than are those agencies serving populations of fewer than 20,000 residents.However,the number of targeted programs offered varies for those agencies serving populations of 20,000 to 49,999 people,50,000 to 99,999 people and 100,000 to 250,000 people.FIGURE 7:PROG

80、RAMMING OFFERED BY PARK AND RECREATION AGENCIES(PERCENT OF AGENCIES)Themed special eventsSocial recreation eventsTeam sportsFitness enhancement classesHealth and wellness educationIndividual sportsSafety trainingRacquet sportsSafety trainingAquaticsNatural and cultural history activitiesCultural cra

81、ftsVisual artsTrips and toursPerforming artsMartial artsRunning/Cycling racesGolfEsports/Egaming89%88%86%82%80%76%73%70%68%66%63%63%62%62%56%53%49%26%FIGURE 8:TARGETED PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN,OLDER ADULTS AND PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES (PERCENT OF AGENCIES BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)Percent of AgenciesL

82、ess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Summer camps83%65%86%92%84%92%Specific senior programs786379888282Specific teen programs675064776978Programs for people with disabilities663762787586STEM(science,technology,engineering and math)programs574149665974Afte

83、r-school programs524441515871Preschool342634463236Before-school programs191717231522Full-day care772861216|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationRESPONSIBILITIES OF PARK AND RECREATION AGENCIES Park and recreation agencies are responsible for ensuring that their facilities,programming and off

84、erings are at the highest level possible.Nearly all agencies operate and maintain park sites(98 percent),and the vast majority provide recreation and program-ming(93 percent),as well as operate and maintain indoor facilities(93 percent).Other key responsibilities that at least 70 percent of agencies

85、 mention include:Have budgetary responsibility for its administra-tive staff(91 percent of agencies)Operate,maintain or manage trails,greenways and/or blueways(87 percent)Conduct jurisdiction-wide special events(83 percent)Operate,maintain or contract racquet sport activities/courts/facilities(77 pe

86、rcent)Include in its operating budget the funding for planning and development functions(76 percent)Operate,maintain or manage special purpose parks and open spaces(75 percent)Volunteers tidy Burnside Park in Maryland.PHOTO COURTESY OF ANNAPOLIS(MARYLAND)RECREATION AND PARKS2024 NRPA Agency Performa

87、nce Review|17 FIGURE 10:OTHER RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARK AND RECREATION AGENCIES(PERCENT OF AGENCIES)Operate,maintain or contract tourism attractions40%Manage large performance outdoor amphitheaters36Operate,maintain or contract golf courses36Operate,maintain or contract indoor swim facilities/waterpa

88、rks31Maintain or manage beaches(inclusive of all waterbody types)26Administer or manage farmers markets22Operate,maintain or contract campgrounds20Administer or manage tournament-or event-quality indoor sports complexes20Maintain,manage or lease indoor performing arts centers19Operate,maintain or co

89、ntract marinas13Administer or manage professional or college-type stadiums/arenas/racetracks9Manage or maintain fairgrounds798%93%93%91%87%83%77%76%75%69%67%57%48%FIGURE 9:KEY RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARK AND RECREATION AGENCIES(PERCENT OF AGENCIES)Operate and maintain park sitesProvide recreation progr

90、amming and servicesOperate and maintain indoor facilitiesHave budgetary responsibility for its administrative staffOperate,maintain or manage trails,greenways and/or bluewaysConduct jurisdiction-wide special eventsOperate,maintain or contract racquet sport activities/courts/facilitiesInclude in its

91、operating budget the funding for planning and development functionsOperate,maintain or manage special purpose parks and open spacesOperate and maintain non-park sitesOperate,maintain or contract outdoor swim facilities/waterparksAdminister or manage tournament-or event-quality outdoor sports complex

92、esAdminister community gardensOther responsibilities of many park and recreation agencies include operating,maintaining or contract-ing tourism attractions(40 percent);managing large performance outdoor amphitheaters(36 percent);and operating,maintaining or contracting golf courses(36 percent).18|20

93、24 National Recreation and Park AssociationSTAFFINGSupporting programming,facilities and other offerings of park and recreation agencies requires adequate staffing.Park and recreation staff are essential to ensuring the success of each agency and creating safe,inclusive spaces for all community memb

94、ers.Full-time employees are vital to the operations,man-agement and overall success of a park and recreation agency.Understaffed agencies may result in fewer program and activity offerings,poor facility maintenance and decreased community involvement overall.The typical agency employs 57.6 full-time

95、 equivalent(FTE)employees.It is important to note that because the size of park and recreation agency jurisdictions var-ies,so too will the number of staff members.The larger the population served by an agency,the larger number of FTE staff required.Agencies that serve fewer than 20,000 people typic

96、ally have 14 FTE employees,agencies in jurisdictions of 50,000 to 99,999 people have 70.3 FTE staff and larger agencies serving more than 250,000 people have a staff of 263 FTEs.Two swimmers float in a pool.FIGURE 11:PARK AND RECREATION AGENCY STAFFING:FULL-TIME EQUIVALENTS(FTEs)(BY JURISDICTION POP

97、ULATION)All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000300250200150100500NUMBER OF FTE STAFF All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median57.6 14.034.270.3120.0263.0Lower Quartile20.46.119.94

98、6.561.3123.0Upper Quartile143.730.066.9121.0181.2471.5PHOTO COURTESY OF ADOBE STOCK2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|19 While the number of staff increases as population increases,the same is not true for the ratio of FTEs to residents.For agencies serving a population of fewer than 20,000 people,

99、there are 13.7 FTEs for every 10,000 residents.This ratio decreases as population increases.At agencies serving 50,000 to 99,999 people,there are 10.5 FTEs for every 10,000 residents.At agencies in jurisdictions of more than 250,000 residents,the ratio declines to an average of 4.7 FTEs per 10,000 r

100、esidents.Overall,the ratio of FTEs across jurisdiction populations is 8.9 FTEs per 10,000 residents.Among the various responsibilities of park and recre-ation staff,almost half of FTEs are responsible for operations and maintenance.About 30 percent of FTEs are responsible for programming,and 16 perc

101、ent are responsible for administration.Operations/Maintenance Programmers Administration Other Capital development16%46%31%3%4%FIGURE 13:RESPONSIBILITIES OF PARK AND RECREATION STAFF(AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF AGENCY FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT(FTE)EMPLOYEES)Volunteers plant trees in Miami,Florida.

102、PHOTO COURTESY OF MIAMI-DADE COUNTY PARKS,RECREATION AND OPEN SPACESFIGURE 12:PARK AND RECREATION AGENCY STAFFING:FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT(FTE)EMPLOYEES PER 10,000 RESIDENTS(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)1614121086420FTE STAFF PER 10,000 RESIDENTS All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99

103、,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000 All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median8.913.711.210.57.94.7Lower Quartile4.96.95.86.53.82.1Upper Quartile16.625.320.317.112.27.820|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationBUDGETThe typical g

104、oal of annual operating expenditures,such as personnel services,contracts,commodities and supplies,and capital outlay,is to balance the needs of the community with the fiscal capabilities of the governing body(i.e.,city,county).Each park and recreation agency must be aware of its annual oper-ating e

105、xpenditures in order to continue to provide the vital programs and services expected of parks and rec-reation in its community.To offer a better understanding of annual operating expenditures and,in turn,a clearer view of budgeting and spending across agencies the data are presented by jurisdiction

106、population,as well as per capita,per acre of park and non-park sites,and per full-time equivalent(FTE)employee and by other operation expenditure distributions.The median annual operating expenditure for park and recreation agencies is nearly$6.5 million.That amount increases as population increases

107、.Smaller agencies serving fewer than 20,000 people have median operating expenditures of about$1.5 million,while agencies in jurisdictions of more than 250,000 people have annual operating expenditures of$32.7 million.Agencies serving populations between these two groups have operating expenditures

108、that range from$3.5 million annually(20,000 to 49,999 people)and$7.7 million annually(50,000 to 99,999 people)to$13.5 million annually(100,000 to 250,000 people).FIGURE 14:ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENDITURES(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to

109、250,000More Than 250,000Median$6,453,357$1,451,763$3,462,654$7,710,075$13,552,112$32,700,000Lower Quartile$2,295,873$707,145$2,003,128$5,348,266$6,800,000$15,091,825Upper Quartile$16,247,943$3,004,473$7,853,006$13,394,323$23,399,020$59,286,392 All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to

110、 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000$35,000,000$30,000,000$25,000,000$20,000,000$15,000,000$10,000,000$5,000,000$0ANNUAL OPERATING EXPENDITURESPeople participate in a game of ice hockey in Illinois.PHOTO COURTESY OF PEKIN(ILLINOIS)PARK DISTRICT2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|21 The media

111、n operating expenditures decrease as pop-ulation increases.The typical agency has operating expenditures of$99.47 per capita.For agencies serving populations of fewer than 20,000 people,the median is$135.53 per capita.This figure declines to$120.72 per capita for agencies serving populations of 50,0

112、00 to 99,999 people,and declines further to$57.61 per capita for those agencies serving more than 250,000 people.To further quantify the annual operating expenditures of park and recreation agencies,one can examine operating expenditures per acre of park and non-park sites.It is important to note th

113、at non-park sites refer to public areas and facilities,such as city halls and lawns,that are not considered parks but are maintained by agencies using a percentage of their annual operating budget.The typical park and recreation agency spends$8,260 of its annual operating budget per acre of park and

114、 non-park sites.The larger the population served,the lower operating expenditures are per acre.Park and recreation agencies serving populations of fewer than 250,000 residents have similar per-acre operating expenditures ranging between$8,000 to$9,800 per acre of park and non-park sites.This figure

115、declines to a median of$4,421 per acre for those agencies in jurisdictions of more than a quarter of a million people.Full-time equivalent(FTE)employees are critical to daily park operations,and therefore must be factored into the annual operating budget of each agency.The median operating expenditu

116、re per FTE employee is$110,912.At agencies serving fewer than 20,000 people,the operating budget per FTE employee is$101,304.At agencies serving 20,000 to 49,999 people,this amount increases to$112,366 per FTE employee.At agencies serving 50,000 to 99,999 people,the amount decreases to$106,642 per F

117、TE employee.For agencies serving larger pop-ulations of 100,000 to 250,000 people,the median operating expenditure per FTE employee is$119,116,and for agencies serving more than 250,000 people in their jurisdiction,the median operating expenditure per FTE employee is$116,836.$160$140$120$100$80$60$4

118、0$20$0OPERATING EXPENDITURES PER CAPITAFIGURE 15:OPERATING EXPENDITURES PER CAPITA(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000 All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 2

119、50,000Median$99.47$135.53$114.81$120.72$87.10$57.61Lower Quartile$53.44$74.22$62.32$74.14$39.69$24.47Upper Quartile$183.96$263.21$226.13$196.53$160.76$97.91$12,000$10,000$8,000$6,000$4,000$2,0000OPERATING EXPENDITURES PER ACRE OF PARK AND NON-PARK SITESFIGURE 16:OPERATING EXPENDITURES PER ACRE OF PA

120、RK AND NON-PARK SITES(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000 All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median$8,260$9,777$9,013$9,176$8,002$4,421Lower Quartil

121、e$3,564$3,856$4,383$5,633$3,066$2,046Upper Quartile$18,491$27,711$20,346$18,636$15,009$10,60922|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationThe distribution of operating expenditures varies.Agencies dedicate an average 54 percent of their annual budgets to personnel services.Operating ex-penses acc

122、ount for 38 percent of the typical agencys annual budget and capital expenses not in a capital improvement plan(CIP)account for 6 percent of an agencys annual budget.The remaining 2 percent is allocated to other expenses.One also can measure park and recreation agencies median operating expenditures

123、 dedicated to parks,recreation and staff serving in all/both capacities.Thirty-nine percent of operating expenditures at an agency are dedicated to parks,35 percent to recreation,17 percent to administration and the remaining 9 percent to other related endeavors.Personnel services Operating expenses

124、 Capital expense not in capital improvement plan(CIP)Other54%38%2%6%FIGURE 18:DISTRIBUTION OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES(AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES)All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000 All AgenciesLess Than 20

125、,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median$110,912$101,304$112,366$106,642$119,166$116,836Lower Quartile$82,569$73,418$79,713$83,421$84,296$93,944Upper Quartile$146,913$146,913$144,907$140,613$147,964$155,431FIGURE 17:OPERATING EXPENDITURES PER FULL-TIME EQUIVALENT

126、(FTE)EMPLOYEE(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)$140,000$120,000$100,000$80,000$60,000$40,000$20,0000OPERATING EXPENDITURES PER FTE EMPLOYEE Parks Recreation Administration Other39%35%17%9%FIGURE 19:DEDICATED OPERATINGEXPENDITURES(AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES)Two people flex th

127、eir muscles after a game in Virginia.PHOTO COURTESY OF PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY(VIRGINIA)DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|23 AGENCY FUNDINGThe amount of funding varies by agency,and so do funding sources.However,general fund tax support is the most common source of

128、available funding for agencies,accounting for 62 percent.Earned revenue is the second most common source of funding(21 per-cent),and special taxes/levies that are voter-approved account for 8 percent.Other less common sources of operating expenditures for agencies are operating grants from a public

129、agency and sponsorships,in-kind donations or private operating grants/donations.One way to look at revenue is by analyzing park and recreation revenue per capita.The typical park and recreation agency generates$22.58 of revenue per jurisdiction resident.Park and recreation revenue per capita tends t

130、o decrease the larger the population.At FIGURE 20:SOURCES OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES(AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES)General fund/Appropriations Earned revenue Special taxes/Levies(voter approved)Special taxes/Levies(non-voter approved)Other Operating grants from public agen

131、cy Sponsorships,in-kind donations or private operating grants/donations 62%21%8%3%2%2%1%FIGURE 21:PARK AND RECREATION REVENUE PER CAPITA(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)$60$50$40$30$20$100PARK AND RECREATIONREVENUE PER CAPITA All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,

132、000 More Than 250,000 All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median$22.58$47.71$25.84$33.17$18.01$9.70Lower Quartile$7.57$13.22$11.72$12.34$6.67$2.75Upper Quartile$63.07$109.72$85.29$80.43$47.19$23.09A group of swimmers participate in water aer

133、obics.PHOTO COURTESY OF ADOBE STOCK24|2024 National Recreation and Park Associationagencies serving a population of fewer than 20,000 people,park and recreation revenue per capita is$47.71;at agencies serving 50,000 to 99,999 people it is$33.17 per capita;and at agencies in jurisdictions of more tha

134、n 250,000 people it is$9.70 per capita.Another way to examine revenue is through cost recovery revenue as a percentage of operating expenditures.The typical agency recovers a quarter of its operating expenditures from non-tax revenue.Median cost recovery varies with population size;agen-cies serving

135、 a population of fewer than 20,000 people recover 29.5 percent of their operating expenditures,but this figure is lower for agencies serving populations of more than 250,000 people for which recovering 17.9 percent of operating expenditures is typical.The median five-year capital budget spending acr

136、oss agencies of all sizes is$12 million.But the median amount depends on population size:the larger the population,the larger the five-year capital spending budget.For agencies serving fewer than 20,000 people,the median five-year capital budget spending is$1.81 million.This figure is 8 times higher

137、 for those agencies serving between 50,000 and 99,999 resi-dents at a median of$15 million,and then reaches a median of$49 million for agencies serving more than 250,000 residents.The goal of park and recreation agencies is not only to maintain their facilities,programming and other FIGURE 22:REVENU

138、E AS A PERCENTAGE OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES(COST RECOVERY)(PERCENTAGE OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)35%30%25%20%15%10%5%0REVENUE AS A PERCENTAGE OF OPERATING EXPENDITURES All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000 All A

139、genciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median25.2%29.5%25.9%28.8%22.0%17.9%Lower Quartile12.813.515.413.712.29.7Upper Quartile47.056.051.853.438.136.2$60,000,000$50,000,000$40,000,000$30,000,000$20,000,000$10,000,000$0FIVE-YEAR CAPITAL BUDGET SPENDI

140、NG All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,99950,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median$12,000,000$1,814,200$6,500,000$15,000,000$24,284,312$49,097,334Lower Quartile$2,456,700$509,192$1,582,756$5,355,630$9,912,750$18,345,000Upper Quartile$36,058,000$5,611,874$15,733,740$28,785,600$5

141、8,187,649$147,718,705FIGURE 23:FIVE-YEAR CAPITAL BUDGET SPENDING(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More Than 250,000 Improvements Acquisition OtherFIGURE 24:TARGETS FOR CAPITAL EXPENDITURES(AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF

142、 CAPITAL EXPENDITURES)88%7%5%2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review|25 offerings,but also to continue growing and improving to better serve their communities.The typical agency designates 88 percent of its capital budget to improve-ments,7 percent to acquisition and the remaining 5 percent to other end

143、eavors.Capital expenditures designated to improvements typically fall under renovations and/or new develop-ment.Two-thirds of the improvement expenditures are designated to renovation(67 percent)while a third is new development(33 percent).Further,the average percentage of improvement dollars split

144、be-tween buildings and parks is 30 percent(buildings)and 70 percent(parks).Jurisdiction population size influences the value of deferred maintenance projects per agency.The typical agency has nearly$700,000 in deferred maintenance projects.This overall figure drops for smaller agencies serving fewer

145、 than 20,000 people and increases to a median more than$17 million for agencies in jurisdic-tions of more than 250,000 people.Deferred mainte-nance balances rise at agencies that:Serve larger populations Have a higher operating budget Have more full-time equivalent employees Maintain more acres of p

146、arkland Have more parksFIGURE 25:IMPROVEMENT DOLLARS SPLIT BETWEEN RENOVATION AND NEW DEVELOPMENT(AVERAGE PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF IMPROVEMENT DOLLARS)Renovation New development67%33%FIGURE 26:IMPROVEMENT DOLLARS SPLIT BETWEEN BUILDINGS AND PARKS(AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF IMPROVEMENT DOLLARS)Parks Bui

147、ldings70%30%$20,000,000$18,000,000$16,000,000$14,000,000$12,000,000$10,000,000$8,000,000$6,000,000$4,000,000$2,000,000$0VALUE OF DEFERRED MAINTENANCE PROJECTS PER AGENCYFIGURE 27:VALUE OF DEFERRED MAINTENANCE PROJECTS PER AGENCY(BY JURISDICTION POPULATION)All AgenciesLess Than 20,00020,000 to 49,999

148、50,000 to 99,999100,000 to 250,000More Than 250,000Median$698,000$80,000$500,000$813,561$3,688,462$17,337,000Lower Quartile$0$0$0$0$0$0Upper Quartile$10,000,000$1,000,000$5,000,000$8,448,908$14,301,710$70,414,250 All Agencies Less Than 20,000 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 100,000 to 250,000 More

149、 Than 250,00026|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationPOLICIESIt is the responsibility of park and recreation agencies to create safe and inclusive spaces for all community members.Collecting data about agencies commit-ments to diversity,equity and inclusion(DEI)is critical to understanding t

150、he policies and efforts underway to make park and recreation spaces available for all and identifying areas that would benefit from further DEI implementation.One of the primary policies that park and recreation agencies implement is including a written commit-ment to DEI in their foundational docum

151、ents.More than three-quarters(77 percent)of agencies express commitment to DEI at all locations;21 percent of agencies do not have an expressed commitment to DEI;and two percent have an expressed commitment to DEI at least some of their locations.Parks and recreation continue to be leaders in divers

152、ity,equity and inclusion when it comes to hiring staff.Nine in 10(91 percent)agencies have hiring practices in place that promote a diverse agency workforce at all locations.Agency has an expressed commitment to DEI at all locations Agency does not have an expressed commitment to DEI Agency has an e

153、xpressed commitment to DEI at select locationsFIGURE 28:PERCENT OF AGENCIES WITH AN EXPRESSED COMMITMENT TO DIVERSITY,EQUITY AND INCLUSION(DEI)IN THEIR FOUNDATIONAL DOCUMENTS(PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION)77%21%2%Agency has hiring practices and policies promoting a diverse agency workforce at all location

154、s Agency does not have hiring practices and policies promoting a diverse agency workforceFIGURE 29:PERCENT OF AGENCIES WITH HIRING PRACTICES AND POLICIES THAT PROMOTE A DIVERSE WORKFORCE(PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION)91%9%A group of soccer players celebrate with their coach.PHOTO COURTESY OF ADOBE STOCK20

155、24 NRPA Agency Performance Review|27 CONCLUSIONSPark and recreation agencies are integral to the quality of life in communities.To sustain and continuously improve this beneficial relationship between parks and recreation and the public it serves,NRPA encourages park and recreational professionals t

156、o remain up to date on how their agencies compare to peer agencies.The 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review provides the opportunity to analyze agency performance in relation to other agencies of similar size across the United States.The resources provided in this report give park and recreation prof

157、essionals,stakeholders and others who are interested in the success of parks and recreation further insight into agency operations across the country by providing:1.Up-to-date data to compare agency performance With relevant data and metrics,park and recreation professionals can see where their agen

158、cies stand regarding funding,programming,budgeting and other key areas compared to agencies with similar population sizes.These data allow agencies to make informed decisions about their future operations that influence overall performance.2.Resource and operation guidance To encourage optimal opera

159、tions across park and recreation agencies,the data and metrics offered give agency leaders a better understanding of how to successfully run their agencies and manage their operations.3.Comprehensive data to better understand operations and responsibilities The comprehensive data and information pro

160、vided in this report further demonstrate the importance of offering adequate pro-gramming,facilities and other resources in communities.The responsibilities of park and recreation professionals vary by agency,but the 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Report provides an in-depth understanding of these res

161、ponsibilities,highlighting the important role agencies play in communities across the United States.NRPA encourages park and recreation professionals to use the 2024 NRPA Agency Performance Review in con-junction with other internal and external tools and resources including those found on the NRPA

162、website(nrpa.org/APR and nrpa.org/ParkMetrics)to better understand how their agencies can provide their communities with the best amenities and services possible,and make the case for increased personnel and funding.28|2024 National Recreation and Park AssociationACKNOWLEDGEMENTSA HUGE thank you to

163、the thousands of park and recreation professionals who participated in the annual NRPA Park Metrics campaign and completed their Agency Performance Survey.Thank you to Melissa May,Dianne Palladino,Danielle Doll,Lindsay Collins,Alexandra Reynolds,Vitisia Paynich,Kim Mabon and Kate Anderson for making

164、 this report possible.ABOUT NRPAThe National Recreation and Park Association(NRPA)is the leading not-for-profit organization dedicated to building strong,vibrant and resilient communities through the power of parks and recreation.With more than 60,000 members,NRPA advances this vision by investing i

165、n and championing the work of park and recreation professionals and advocates the catalysts for positive change in service of equity,climate-readiness,and overall health and well-being.NRPA brings strength to our message by partnering with like-minded organizations,including those in the federal gov

166、ernment,nonprofits and commercial enterprises.Funded through dues,grants,registrations and charitable contributions,NRPA produces research,education and policy initiatives for our members that ultimately enrich the communities they serve.NRPA places immense importance on research and data to raise t

167、he status of parks and recreation and conducts research with two goals.First,NRPA creates and analyzes data to help park and recreation agencies make optimal decisions on operations,programming and spending.Second,NRPA develops data and insights that support park and recreation professionals making

168、the case for greater and more stable funding to policymakers,key stake-holders,the media and the general public.The NRPA Research team works closely with internal subject matter experts,respected industry consultants and the academic community to develop its reports and data resources.Learn more at nrpa.org/Research.22377 Belmont Ridge Road,Ashburn,VA 20148800.626.NRPA(6772)|nrpa.org