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国际能源署(IEA): 扩大新兴和发展中经济体清洁能源的私人融资规模(中译版)(173页).pdf

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1、Scaling up Private Finance for Clean Energy in Emerging and Developing EconomiesThe IEA examines the full spectrum of energy issues including oil,gas and coal supply and demand,renewable energy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand side management and much more.T

2、hrough its work,the IEA advocates policies that will enhance the reliability,affordability and sustainability of energy in its 31 member countries,11 association countries and beyond.IEA member countries:Australia Austria Belgium CanadaCzech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hun

3、gary Ireland ItalyJapanKorea Lithuania Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands IEA association countries:INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCYArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaMoroccoSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkrainePlease note that this publication is subject to specific restrictions that limit its use and dist

4、ribution.The terms and conditions are available online at www.iea.org/t&c/This publication and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory,to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory,city or area.

5、Source:IEA.International Energy Agency Website:www.iea.orgNorway Poland Portugal Slovak Republic Spain Sweden Switzerland Republic of Trkiye United Kingdom United StatesThe European Commission also participates in the work of the IEAINTERNATIONAL FINANCE CORPORATIONInternational Finance Corporation(

6、IFC)a member of the World Bank Group is the largest global development institution focused on the private sector in emerging markets.It works in more than 100 countries,using its capital,expertise,and influence to create markets,and opportunities in developing countries.Foreword 3 Foreword IEA-IFC.C

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本文主要讨论了在发展中国家和新兴经济体中扩大清洁能源投资的重要性。主要观点如下: 1. 为了实现巴黎协定的目标,到2030年,发展中国家和新兴经济体每年在清洁能源上的投资需要从2022年的7700亿美元增加到2.2-2.8万亿美元,并保持在这一水平至2050年。 2. 投资主要集中在电力、电网基础设施和效率提升上。在满足气候和可持续发展目标的情景下,到2030年代初,超过三分之一的总投资将用于低排放发电,主要是可再生能源。 3. 为了实现清洁能源转型,需要公共和私人投资共同增加。2022年,公共实体在清洁能源上的投资占发展中国家和新兴经济体清洁能源支出的约一半,而在发达经济体中这一比例不到20%。 4. 为了吸引私人资本,需要开发更多符合投资者风险和回报预期的清洁能源项目。目前,在关键的新兴经济体中,典型的大型太阳能项目的资本成本可能是发达经济体或中国的两到三倍。 5. 需要采取协调一致的行动来动员私人资本,包括改善投资环境,增加优惠融资,开发新的绿色融资工具和平台,以及深化发展中和新兴经济体的资本市场和金融体系。
发展中国家清洁能源投资需求量有多大? 公共和私人资金如何共同推动清洁能源发展? 优惠融资在清洁能源转型中扮演什么角色?
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