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联合国难民署(UNHCR):2024年全球公共卫生回顾报告(中译版)(26页).pdf

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1、2024Public Health Global ReviewPublic Health Section|Division of Resilience and Solutions(DRS),UNHCR,Geneva2024 Public Health Global Review at a GlanceIn 2024,UNHCR,in collaboration with governments and other partners,facilitated access to essential health,nutrition and MHPSS services for refugees,s

2、tateless and host communities.Key standards for mortality rate and skilled birth attendance were met.However,acute malnutrition remains high with one in 10 children affected and nearly a third of all deaths were in children under 5,many of which could be prevented with low-cost health interventions.

3、15,482,183#consultations183,952#referrals 12,182#community health workers 1,241,379#MHPSS consultations92%camps/settlements*with a mental health professional733,648#antenatal care consultations*138,248#deliveries supported*24,088#refugees on antiretroviral therapy 1 in 10#children 5 yrs with acute m

4、alnutrition1 in 3#children 5 yrs with stunting 261,677#treatment provided to childrenwith acutemalnutrition*22 countries using integrated Refugee Health Information System*Camps/settlements with more than 25,000 refugees 488,389#NCD consultations*13.3 M#refugees63#countries with UNHCR supported publ

5、ic health programmes*IKey HighlightsUNHCRs work continues to save lives each year by responding to emergencies,fostering stability in fragile contexts,and advancing sustainable inclusion in national health systems.This is achieved through strategic and catalytic partnerships with host governments,de

6、velopment partners,civil society,the private sector,and forcibly displaced individuals themselves.The Global Compact on Refugees unites multistakeholder partners to achieve sustainable solutions for refugees through concrete commitments.Multi-stakeholder pledges on health inclusion and mental health

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1. **服务覆盖与核心数据**:2024年,UNHCR在63国支持超1340万难民及社区民众,提供1548万次健康咨询(其中870万次来自22个使用iRHIS系统的国家),183,952次转诊,12,182名社区健康工作者(47%为女性)。 2. **关键健康挑战**: - 营养问题:10%的5岁以下儿童患急性营养不良,1/3发育迟缓,64%患贫血(≥40%为临界)。 - 疾病负担:主要死因为疟疾(10%)、新生儿疾病(8%),32%的死亡为5岁以下儿童;常见咨询病种为上呼吸道感染(21%)、疟疾(16%)。 - 资源短缺:人道主义资金减少导致咨询量下降7%,转诊减少12%。 3. **重点领域进展**: - 母婴健康:79%孕妇完成至少4次产检,93%由专业人员接生,但180名孕产妇死亡。 - 营养干预:治疗26万例急性营养不良儿童,29,990名孕产妇获营养支持。 - 精神健康:MHPSS咨询124万次,3%为精神神经疾病(癫痫占41%)。 4. **系统整合与应对**: - 推动难民纳入国家卫生系统(如喀麦隆、伊拉克),加强数据互操作(乌干达、孟加拉国)。 - 应对疫情:应对麻疹、霍乱、登革热等10国疫情,强化监测与应急响应。
**难民健康困境?** **儿童营养不良为何?** **心理健康如何支持?**
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