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世界气象组织(WMO):2023年全球气候状况报告(中译版)(53页).pdf

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1、State of the Global Climate 2023WMO-No.1347WEATHER CLIMATE WATERBWMO-No.1347 World Meteorological Organization,2024The right of publication in print,electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO.Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization,provi

2、ded that the complete source is clearly indicated.Editorial correspondence and requests to publish,reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to:Chair,Publications BoardWorld Meteorological Organization(WMO)7 bis,avenue de la Paix P.O.Box 2300 Tel.:+41(0)22 730 8

3、4 03CH-1211 Geneva 2,Switzerland Email:publicationswmo.intISBN 978-92-63-11347-4 Cover illustration:A melting glacier with chunks of ice breaking apart.The background captures the consequences of global warming on ice formations.Generative AI.Par Regina.N de fichier:640624130NOTEThe designations emp

4、loyed in WMO publications and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WMO concerning the legal status of any country,territory,city or area,or of its authorities,or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundarie

5、s.The mention of specific companies or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WMO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised.The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed in WMO publications with named authors are those of the

6、 authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of WMO or its Members.iContentsKey messages.iiForeword.iiiGlobal climate indicators.1Baselines.1Greenhouse gases .2Temperature.3Ocean .5Cryosphere .11Climate Monitoring and Renewable Energy 18Stratospheric ozone and ozone-depleting gases.19Short-te

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1. **2023年创纪录高温**:全球平均温度达1.45±0.12°C(较1850-1900年),为174年来最高,逼近《巴黎协定》1.5°C温控目标。 2. **温室气体浓度创新高**:2022年CO₂(417.9ppm)、CH₄(1923ppb)、N₂O(335.8ppb)浓度达历史峰值,2023年持续上升。 3. **海洋与冰层加速变化**: - 海洋热含量创65年新高,海平面上升速率(2014-2023年)较1993-2002年翻倍(4.77mm/yr)。 - 南极海冰面积创历史最低(2023年2月),全球冰川(如瑞士)两年内损失10%体积。 4. **极端天气频发**:热浪、洪水(如地中海气旋丹尼尔)、野火(加拿大、夏威夷)致重大人员伤亡与经济损失。 5. **气候危机加剧**:极端天气加剧粮食不安全与人口流离失所,凸显气候行动紧迫性。
气候危机有多严重? 冰川融化有多快? 极端天气有多频繁?
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