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英国政府:2025工程生物学愿景(中译版)(89页).pdf

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1、Type here This is not a statement of government policy 2 Preface This report is about the power of engineering biology to drive economic growth and deliver enduring solutions to a wide range of complex problems in areas such as healthcare,environmental sustainability,agriculture and energy.Put simpl

2、y,engineering biology is the application of engineering principles to biological systems in ways that allow us to harness and control biology in predictable and useful ways.For example,to create novel products and processes that are safer,cleaner and more efficient.As with other emerging technologie

3、s,communicating the benefits of engineering biology can be challenging due to the complex terminology involved.Our experience from previous Foresight projects is that a good way to cut through this barrier to greater understanding is to focus on the practical benefits and solutions offered by a tech

4、nology via narratives that capture the imagination.I have therefore commissioned a set of five evidence-based case studies covering a diverse range of sectors and applications.The papers are intentionally aspirational in terms of their outlook for the future of engineering biology and focus on provi

5、ding an optimistic,yet realistic,vision of what engineering biology can do to help solve some of our enduring challenges.The aim is that these examples,together with their supporting chapters,will act as a source of inspiration across government and the public,for what might be possible if we can ha

6、rness the opportunities offered by engineering biology.I hope that this report will demonstrate the breadth of engineering biologys transformative potential to solve real-world problems and help to communicate the benefits of engineering biology beyond communities already familiar with the technolog

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1. **工程生物学(EngBio)潜力**:通过工程原理设计生物系统,解决医疗、环保、农业、能源等领域挑战,预计2030-2040年创造年经济价值2.2万亿美元(麦肯锡数据)。 2. **五大应用案例**: - **生物合成燃料**:利用微生物将废弃物转化为可持续燃料,减少碳排放(如C3 Biotech技术)。 - **固氮谷物**:工程化作物自生氮肥,减少化肥使用(全球年消耗超2亿吨,占全球1-2%能源消耗)。 - **未来时尚**:微生物生产可生物降解材料,替代化石基纤维(占全球纤维产量60%)。 - **实验室培育血液**:解决血源短缺问题。 - **微生物金属工厂**:可持续金属生产。 3. **英国优势**:拥有全球领先研究基础(如AlphaFold),1000家EngBio企业,但需加强规模化能力。 4. **挑战**:公众接受度、监管框架、技能发展及投资需求。
生物燃料前景如何? 自给氮肥作物何时实现? 环保服装新趋势?
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