液流电池在 LDES 市场的份额.pdf

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1、Vienna,24 June 2025FB POTENTIALS AND COMPETITIVENESSIN THE SOARING MARKETOF LONG DURATION ENERGY STORAGEMassimo GuarnieriUniversity of Padua,Padova,ItalyGiorgio Levi Cases Center for Energy Economy and Technology,ItalyE-Storage Engineering,ItalyP.Albertus,J.S.Manser,and S.Litzelman,Long-Duration Ele

2、ctricity Storage Applications,Economics,and Technologies,Joule,4(1),(2020)2132.Maximum required storage duration(hours at rated power)Annual penetration of energy from RES,e.g.wind and solarD.Engel,DNV energy transition outlook 2020:power supply and use aglobal and regional forecast to 2050,DNV GL E

3、nergy,2020World utility-scale storage capacity2WHAT TO INVESTIGATE:LDESLDES will be a must in future decarbonized grids(Net Zero)Several technologies are competing to gain this soaring market3CLASSIFYING ES AND LDESLDES Definition for STES(both GOES,NGOES)Duration can refer to:1)ST=storage time or 2

4、)DT=discharge time at rated power Technically:ST DT sometime ST DTClassifying ES 2 LDES:usually DT 8 hoursEmerging higher limits recent EU Horizon Europe and US DOE reports indicate DT 10 hours 8100 h:D.Hochschilds IFBF presentation this morningTwo levels of DT are also considered in LDES:mild LDES:

5、DT=1020 hours(daily and multi-daily cycles)ultra LDES:DT=week-months(seasonal)J.Twitchell,et al.,Defining long duration energy storage,J.Energy Storage,60,(2023)105787Classifying ES 1Energy Storage(ES)types Mobility oriented Stationary(STES)o grid-oriented services(GOES)o non-grid-oriented services(

6、NGOES)Classifying ES 3(stationary grid-oriented ES GOES)o unidirectional ESTs=delay one-way electric energy delivery from a primary renewable sourceo bidirectional ESs=charge/discharge from the grid full storage capacity for intermittent,unpredictable renewable sources4HOW TO COMPARE TECHNOLOGIES:KP