08GUO BO-From Hand-Drawing to AI-Mapping Three Decades of China's Surveying Technology Evolution (1990-2025).pdf

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1、P1GUO BO,Chief Scientist,SuperMap InternationalJune,2025From Theodolites to AI:Transformation of Surveying and Mapping Production Technologies in ChinaP2Early Chinese Survey TechnologiesPeriod and Key EventDynastyLand OwnershipSurvey/Mapping Technologies1046256 BCEWell-Field SystemZhou Allocated by

2、Rulers and later owned by Lords-Gougu(勾股)Theorem-Ropes&Compasses-Water Levels221206 BCEAbolished the Well-Field SystemQinAllowed land buying/selling-A Unified Measurement System206 BCE907 CEEqual-Field SystemHan&TangRedistribute to Peasants by the state but could inherit/use it long-term-Six Princip

3、les of Cartography-Grid-based maps and wooden pegs-Survey formulas9601644First national cadastral survey(1387)Single Whip Reform(1581)Song&MingLand markets flourished-Fish-Scale Registers-Compass for Surveying16441912Land Tax Reform(1723)QingPermanent Land Tax-Li Chengyus Surveying Compass-Western I

4、nfluence1900 CE1000 CE300 BCE1500 CE1000 BCE1 CE P3In a Span of 30+Years.010203Intelligent InformatizedDigitalAnalog-Continuous&Physical-Chunked&Virtual多-More快-Fast好-Good省-Cheap-Organized&Managed Data-AI Automation or AssistedP4Analog Field Surveying and MappingTheodolitePlane-table Tape measureManu

5、al logbookPolyester film drawingsPaper topographic map polyester film base mapP5Digital Field Survey and MappingTotal Station/GPS/RTKDrawing SoftwareElectronic dataDWG/DGN/SHPP6Analog Photogrammetry?1950s1970s:-Soviet bloc technology(e.g.,Zeiss Stereoplanigraph).-Aerial photos+analog stereoplotters.

6、P7(Transitional)Photogrammetry ProductionAnalyticalstereoplotterAnalyzing aerial triangulation mapsP8Digital PhotogrammetryFull digital photogrammetryStereoscopic mapping+field mapping+indoor procurement&editingP9From Digitization to Informatization Data Explosion in Size and Formats Digital Foundat